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The wind turbine generation system Type-3 Wind Turbine Generation Systems (WTGS) is composed of a doubleare pitch-regulated and utilize a doubly-fed induction generator , a transformer and controls.(DFIG) (where two DC/AC converters sharing a common DC-bus are separately connected to the rotor and stator windings) where its stator windings are directly connected to the external AC-bus.
The diagram below illustrates the basic structure of the Type-3 WTGS. The rotor of the asynchronous machine is connected to the grid via the rotor-side converter (RSC) and grid-side converter (GSC). A DC link capacitor is placed between the RSC and GSC to regulate the voltage.
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Mask and Parameters
The Diesel Generator block contains the following tabs in the parameter configuration mask:
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Single Generator
ConverterTransformer
Control
Single Turbine
Drive Train
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Global Parameters
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Name | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|
Sampling time | s | Simulation time-step |
Number of generators
-
Number of generator units in the wind park.
Nominal frequency
Hz
Fundamental network frequency
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Nominal frequency | Hz | Fundamental network frequency |
Total wind turbine nominal power | VA | Power rating of the wind turbine |
Nominal global power | W | Overall installed capacity of the microgrid network |
WTGS Data
Generator Tab
The parameters for a single unit of DFIG are specified under this tab.
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Name | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|
Nominal electrical power | VA | Apparent power rating of |
the asynchronous machine | ||
Mutual reactance | pu | Magnetizing reactance of the asynchronous machine |
Stator | Nominal voltage | V | Stator line-line RMS voltage (i.e. generator terminal voltage) |
Stator | Resistance | pu | Resistance of the stator winding of the asynchronous machine |
Stator | Reactance | pu | Leakage reactance of the stator winding of the asynchronous machine |
Rotor | Nominal voltage | V | Rotor line-line RMS voltage |
Rotor | Resistance | pu | Resistance of the rotor winding of the asynchronous machine |
Rotor | Reactance | pu | Leakage reactance of the rotor winding of the asynchronous machine |
Mutual reactance
pu
Magnetizing reactance of the asynchronous machine
Mechanical Properties | Inertia constant | s | Combined rotor and load inertia constant |
Mechanical Properties | Friction factor | pu | Combined rotor and load viscous friction coefficient |
Mechanical Properties | Number of pole-pairs | - | Number of pole pairs |
Initial Conditions | Slip | - | Initial slip of the asynchronous machine |
Initial Conditions | Electrical angle | deg | Initial electrical angle at t = 0 |
Initial Conditions | Magnitude | pu | Initial magnitude of the stator current |
Initial Conditions | Angle | deg | Initial angle of the stator current |
Converter Tab
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Name | Unit | Description |
|---|
Rotor side converter nominal line-line voltage
V
RMS line-line voltage of the rotor side of the asynchronous machine
Line filter capacitor (Q=50) | VAR | Reactive power generated by the line filter at the nominal voltage |
Quality factor
Ratio of the active power consumption to the reactive power generation
Choke | Inductor | pu | Reactance of the choke |
Choke | Resistor | pu | Resistance of the choke |
DC Link | Capacitance per generator | F | Capacitance of the DC link per generator |
DC Link | Nominal DC bus voltage | V | DC link nominal |
Transformer Tab
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Name
Unit
Description
Winding configuration
-
Winding vector type of the respective side
voltage |
V
Nominal line-line voltage at the respective side
Winding resistance
pu
Winding resistance (copper losses)
pu
Winding leakage reactance
Magnetization resistance
pu
Core resistance (iron and hysteresis losses)
Magnetization reactance
pu
Core reactance
Control Tab
Filter
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Name | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|
Cut-off frequency | Hz | Cut-off frequency of the low pass filter |
Damping factor | - | Damping factor of the low pass filter |
Speed Regulator
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Name | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|
Minimum speed | pu | Minimum angular shaft speed |
Maximum speed | pu | Maximum angular shaft speed |
Proportional gain (Kp) | - | PI proportional gain for the torque controller |
Integral gain (Ki) | - | PI integral gain for the torque controller |
Maximum speed output | pu | Maximum speed regulator output |
Turbine inertia | s | Inertia of the turbine |
Pitch Control
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Name | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|
Proportional gain (Kp) | - | PI proportional gain for the pitch controller |
Maximum pitch angle | deg | Maximum pitch angle of the turbine |
Maximum rate of change of pitch angle | deg/s | Slew rate of the change of pitch angle |
Pitch time constant | s | Time constant of the pitch control |
Pitch Compensation
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Name | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|
Proportional gain (Kp) | - | PI proportional gain for the pitch compensation |
Integral gain (Ki) | - | PI integral gain for the pitch compensation |
Grid-Side Controller
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Name | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|
Grid-side converter maximum current | pu | Maximum allowed DC current |
DC Bus Voltage Regulator | Proportional gain (Kp) | - | PI proportional gain for the DC voltage regulation controller |
DC Bus Voltage Regulator | Integral gain (Ki) | - | PI integral gain for the DC voltage regulation controller |
Current Regulator | Proportional gain (Kp) | - | PI proportional gain for the current regulator |
Current Regulator | Integral gain (Ki) | - | PI integral gain for the current regulator |
Current Regulator | Current limit | pu | Maximum regulator current |
Maximum modulation index | - | Grid side maximum modulation index |
Frequency of the grid-side PWM carrier | Hz | Pulse Width Modulation carrier signal frequency |
Rotor-Side Converter
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Name | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|
Minimum flux magnitude | pu | Minimum flux magnitude of the DFIG |
Maximum d-axis rotor current | pu | Maximum magnitude of the d-axis component of the rotor current |
Reactive Power Regulator | Integral gain (Ki) | - | Integral gain for the reactive power controller |
Reactive Power Regulator | Minimum output value | pu | Minimum reactive power output |
Reactive Power Regulator | Maximum output value | pu | Maximum reactive power output |
Voltage Regulator | Integral gain (Ki) | - | Integral gain for the voltage regulator controller |
Current Regulator | Proportional gain (Kp) | - | PI proportional gain for the current regulator |
Current Regulator | Integral gain (Ki) | - | PI integral gain for the current regulator |
Current Regulator | Current limit | pu | Maximum regulator current |
Maximum modulation index | - | Rotorside maximum modulation index |
Frequency of the rotor-side PWM carrier | Hz | Pulse Width Modulation carrier signal frequency |
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Turbine Tab
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Name | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|
Nominal mechanical power output | W | Net mechanical power transferred to the rotor |
Coefficients [c1 … c8] | - | Wind model equation coefficients |
Rated omega r | pu | Rated rotor (electrical) speed |
Cp max | pu |
Maximum power efficiency | ||
Lambda at Cp max | - | Lambda |
at maximum |
power efficiency | ||
Nominal wind speed | m/s | Wind speed |
that gives maximum power efficiency | ||
Initial wind speed | m/s | Wind speed at the start of the simulation |
Rated power at omega “r” and theta zero
W
Nominal power at rated omega “r”
Drive Train Tab
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Name | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|
Wind turbine inertia constant H | s | Turbine inertia |
Shaft spring constant refer to high-speed shaft: | pu/rad | Shaft spring constant as per-unit of the nominal mechanical torque |
Shaft mutual damping | 1/pu | Shaft mutual damping as per-unit of the nominal mechanical torque |
Turbine initial speed | pu | Turbine speed as per-unit of the nominal speed at the start of the simulation |
Initial output torque | pu | Torque output as per-unit of the nominal torque at the start of the simulation |
Inputs, Outputs and Signals Available for Monitoring
Inputs
Name | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|
P ref | pu | Active power reference |
Q ref | pu | Reactive power reference |
Wind speed ref | m/s | Wind speed |
Curtail enable | Boolean | 0 = Curtail mode not enabled or 1 = Curtail mode enabled |
Trip | Boolean | 0 = Disconnected from the grid or 1 = Connected to the grid |
V line | V | Voltage measurement at the point of common coupling |
I line | A | Current measurement at the point of common coupling |
Outputs
Name | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|
Measurements | - | Several measurements are stored in this bus. |
A | Connection port to phase A of the grid | |
B | Connection port to phase B of the grid | |
C | Connection port to phase C of the grid |