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This example model can be found in the software under Distributed Generation > VFD_PMSM.ecf
Description
Background
Variable frequency drive-based applications are gaining more popularity recently due to higher energy efficiency and increased control. This demo example demonstrates the two-quadrant operation (forward motoring and reverse motoring) of various applications like elevators, cranes etc. For instance, an elevator moving up with people inside represents the forward motoring mode wherein the load is lifted against the gravity, and coming down empty with gravity-assist as reverse motoring mode.
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For more details about the converters model please refer to Switching deviceDevice and Switching Function
Model description
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Each converter of the model has a specific objective, as given below:
Grid-side converter control
The grid side converter (GSC) is operated to control the DC link voltage amplitude and the reactive power . The outer voltage loop maintains the DC ink voltage at 700 V, while the reactive power control loop is set to unity power factor. Below figures show the control architecture used.
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Vq : q-axis component of source voltage
Machine-side converter control
The machine side converter (MSC) controls the generator speed. LC filters connected shunt to the network are used to eliminate the harmonics.
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S. No | Name | Unit | Value |
|---|---|---|---|
1 | Source voltage | V | 380 |
2 | Series resistance- Rs | Ω | 1 |
3 | Series inductance - Ls | H | 10 |
4 | GSC Filter - FGSC [R C] | [Ω uF] | [14.27 15.6] |
5 | GSC Choke - LGSC | mH | 20 |
6 | DC Link Capacitor - Cdc | uF | 300 |
7 | MSC Choke - LMSC | mH | 10.46 |
8 | MSC Filter - FMSC [R C] | [Ω uF] | [10.95 2.42] |
Machine general parameters
S No. | Name | Unit | Value |
|---|---|---|---|
1 | Rated voltage - V | V | 380 |
2 | Rated power - S | kVA | 3 |
3 | Nominal frequency - f | Hz | 60 |
4 | Number of poles - p | - | 6 |
Machine electrical parameters
S No. | Name | Unit | Value |
|---|---|---|---|
1 | Armature resistance - Rs | pu | 0.068559 |
2 | Armature leakage reactance - XI | pu | 0.032 |
3 | Zero sequence reactance - Xo | pu | 0.0652 |
4 | d-axis synchronous reactance - Xd | pu | 0.32574 |
5 | q-axis synchronous reactance - Xq | pu | 0.4469 |
6 | D1 damper leakage reactance - XID1 | pu | 0.13 |
7 | D2 damper leakage reactance - XID2 | pu | 0.13 |
8 | D1 damper resistance - RD1 | pu | 0.054 |
9 | D2 damper resistance - RD2 | pu | 0.054 |
10 | Q1 damper leakage reactance - XIQ1 | pu | 0.13 |
11 | Q2 damper leakage reactance - XIQ2 | pu | 0.13 |
12 | Q1 damper resistance - RQ1 | pu | 0.108 |
13 | Q2 damper resistance - RQ2 | pu | 0.108 |
14 | Permanent flux magnet | Wb | 0.4832 |
Machine mechanical parameters
S No. | Name | Unit | Value |
|---|---|---|---|
1 | Inertia constant - H | s | 0.0265 |
2 | Absolute damping coefficient - Kd | Nm/rad/s | 0.0 |
3 | Stiffness coefficient - Kij | Nm/rad | 0.0 |
4 | Self damping coefficient - D | Nm/rad/s | 0.0 |
5 | Mutual damping coefficient - Dij | Nm/rad/s | 0.0 |
6 | Fraction external torque - F | - | 0.0 |
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HYPERSIM Model | Execution Time (us) | Max Execution time (us) |
Switching Device based PMSM model | 2.5022 | 5.14 |
Switching Function based PMSM model | 2.3867 | 4.92 |
Performance Comparison of Switching function at 20 us (real time) with Switching Device Model at 2 us (offline)
Real time performance of Switching Function based model simulated at 20 us (real time) is compared with Switching deviceDevice model at 2 us (offline). It can be seen that the results are very close. This demonstrates the effectiveness of using the switching function model at a much higher time step (of 20us) and get similar performance as a 2us model.
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