The definitions given below apply to both 6 and 12-pulse converter models. For simplicity, only the 12 pulse inverter oriented shown in the Figure below.

Id and Vd References

Name	Description	Unit	Variable = {Possible Values}
Id Ref	Current reference	pu	{[0,1]}
Id Ref + Slope	Current reference rising rate	pu/s	{[0,1e12]}
Id Ref - Slope	Current reference falling rate	pu/s	{[0,1e12]}
Id Ref min	Current reference lower limit	pu	{[0,1]}
Id Ref max	Current reference upper limit	pu	{[0,1]}
Vd Ref	Voltage reference	pu	{[0,1]}
Vd Ref + Slope	Voltage reference rising rate	pu/s	{[0,1e12]}
Vd Ref - Slope	Voltage reference falling rate	pu/s	{[0,1e12]}
Vd Ref min	Voltage reference lower limit	pu	{[0,1e12]}
Vd Ref max	Voltage reference upper limit	pu	{[0,1e12]}

Operating modes

Name	Description	Unit	Variable = {Possible Values}
Converter mode	Operating mode of the converter (rectifier = 0, inverter = 1)		{0,1}
Blocking	Converter enabled (1) or disabled (0)		{0,1}
Regulator mode α constant	Controlled Alpha (0) or Constant Alpha (1)		{0,1}
α constant reference	Delay angle α when operating in constant α mode	degree	{[0,179]}
Firing	Internal (0) or external (1)		{0,1}
Cathode connection	Specifies where the cathode side of the converter is connected; neutral side (0) or Line side (1)		{0,1}

General Parameters

Name	Description	Unit	Variable = {Possible Values}
Vd Base	Base for direct voltage	kV	{(0,1e12]}
Id Base	Base for direct current	kA	{(0,1e12]}
Vac Base (rms L-L)	Rated AC voltage on the transformer primary	kV	{(0,1e12]}
Synchronization Bus	Name of the bus whose voltages are used to synchronize the firing system
DC Line Bus (Vd Measure)	Name of the bus connecting the converter and the DC line

Command

Name	Description	Unit	Variable = {Possible Values}
Control Type	Internal generated; From external pins of the block From external signals hardware
UCC command (for 12 pulse)	Disable (0) or enable (1) the command		{0,1}

Converter Transformer

Name	Description	Unit	Variable = {Possible Values}
Transfo name	Transformer name
Leakage	The leakage inductance of converter transformer for star or delta winding on the valve side	H	{(0,1e12]}
Delta connection Type	Lag; Lead

Control Tab

Rectifier

Name	Description	Unit	Variable = {Possible Values}
Ki Id	Integral gain of the PI current regulator	degrees/pu/second	{[-1e12,1e12]}
Kp Id	Proportional gain of the PI current regulator	degrees/pu/second	{[-1e12,1e12]}
αmin	The lower limit of the delay angle α	degree	{[0,179]}
αmax	The upper limit of the delay angle α	degree	{[0,179]}
Δα1, Δα2 (for 12 pulse)	Limit values for the positive variation of delay angle α	degree	{[0,179]}
Δα3, Δα4 (for 12 pulse)	Limit values for the negative variation of delay angle α	degree	{[0,179]}

Inverter

Name	Description	Unit	Variable = {Possible Values}
Ki Id	Integral gain of the PI current regulator	degrees/pu/second	{[-1e12,1e12]}
Kp Id	Proportional gain of the PI current regulator	degrees/pu/second	{[-1e12,1e12]}
αmin	Lower limit of the delay angle α	degree	{[0,179]}
Ki Vd	Upper limit of the delay angle α	degrees/pu/second	{[-1e12,1e12]}
Kp Vd	Limit values for the positive variation of delay angle α	degrees/pu/second	{[-1e12,1e12]}
γmin	Lower limit for the γ angle	degree	{[0,179]}
Δα1, Δα2	Limit values for the positive variation of delay angle α	degree	{[0,179]}
Δα3	Limit values for the negative variation of delay angle α	degree	{[0,179]}
Id margin	Current Regulation tolerance	pu	{(0,1]}
Vd margin	Voltage Regulation tolerance	pu	{(0,1]}

Synchronization and Command

Note: This is applicable for 12-pulse converters only

Name	Description	Unit	Variable = {Possible Values}
Synchronization mode	Equidistant or equiangular synchronization mode
Status	Used (1); Not used (0)		{0,1}
Umin	Minimum voltage value at valve terminal, so that the equidistant synchronization mode can fire the valve	pu	{[0,1]}
Kosc	Oscillator gain		{[-1e12, 1e12]}
Transformer Decoupling element	Tap changer transformer with a decoupling element (Enabled or Disabled)
Transformation ratio	Represents the rated ratio Ns/Np.		{[0,1e12]}

VDCOL

Name	Description	Unit	Variable = {Possible Values}
Vd min	Minimum dc voltage	pu	{(0,1]}
Id min	Minimum dc current	pu	{(0,1]}
Rise time	Dc voltage rise time	s	{(0, 1e12]}
Vd threshold	Threshold voltage	pu	{(0,1]}

Tap changer control

Name	Description	Unit	Variable = {Possible Values}
αmin (rectifier mode)	Minimum dc voltage	degrees	{(15,18]}
αmax (rectifier mode)	Minimum dc current	degrees	{(15,18]}
γmin (inverter mode)	Dc voltage rise time	degrees	{(17,20]}
γmax (inverter mode)	Threshold voltage	degrees	{(17,20]}

Id and Vd Measurement Filters

Name	Description	Unit	Variable = {Possible Values}
First order (τ1)	First order filter time constant	s	{(0,1e12]}
Second order (τ2)	Second order filter time constant	s	{(0,1e12]}
Freq base	Frequency Base	Hz	{(0,1e12]}
Freq min	Minimum bandpass filter frequency	Hz	{(0,1e12]}
Freq max	Maximum bandpass filter frequency	Hz	{(0,1e12]}
Passband	Filter bandwidth	Hz	{(0,1e12]}

Valves Tab

General parameters

Name	Description	Unit	Variable = {Possible Values}
Ropen	Open state resistance	Ohms	{(0, 1e12]}
Rclosed	Closed state resistance	Ohms	{(0, 1e12]}
Rsnubber	Snubber resistance	Ohms	{(0, 1e12]}
Csnubber	Snubber capacitance	F	{[0, 1e12]}
Fbov	The highest value of forward voltage across a blocked valve. Relevant only for diodes, thyristors, and GTOs	V	{[0, 1e12]}
Rbov	Highest value of reverse voltage across a valve. Relevant only for diodes, thyristors and GTOs	V	{[0, 1e12]}
Tq	Turn-off time	s	{[0, 1e12]}
Ibreak	GTO maximum breakable current	A	{[0, 1e12]}
Vf	Forward voltage drop	V	{[0, 1e12]}
Ihold	Holding current	A	{[0, 1e12]}

Switch parameters

Name	Description	Unit	Variable = {Possible Values}
Switch type	Specifies the valve type that makes the converter
Fail reset	The signal which represents if forward or reverses breakdown voltage condition is reached or false firing happened Disable(0); Enable (1)		{0,1}
Precision valve model	Precision valve active or not (Active=Enable, Deactivated=Disable)

Protection Tab

DC fault protection (on rectifier)

Name	Description	Unit	Variable = {Possible Values}
Detection delay	Detection delay of DC fault	s	{[0, 1e12]}
Vd threshold	DC voltage threshold used for DC fault detection	pu	{[0, 1]}
α retard	Value of the constant α angle imposed after a fault is detected	degree	{[0, 1e12]}
α retard duration	The time interval during which the value of the forced α angle is imposed by the DC protection system	s	{[0, 1e12]}
α retard number	Number of times the constant α angle is imposed and then removed before the converter is automatically blocked by the DC fault protection		{[0, 1e12]}

Switching misfiring protection (inverter)

Name	Description	Unit	Variable = {Possible Values}
Protection	Protection enabled (1) or disabled (0)		{0,1}
Delta γ	Value added to the lower limit of γ by the protection for commutation failures	degree	{[0,360]}
Rise time	First-order time constant affecting the increase of minimum γ	s	{[0, 1e12]}
Fall time	First-order time constant affecting the decrease of minimum γ	s	{[0, 1e12]}

Protective Block

Note: Applicable for 12 pulse converters only.

Name	Description	Unit	Variable = {Possible Values}
Protective Block	Protective block enable (1) or disable (0)		{0,1}
Protective Block start time	Time to start the protective block	s	{(0,1e12]}

Low AC Voltage Detection

Name	Description	Unit	Variable = {Possible Values}
Vac threshold	Voltage threshold used for low AC voltage detection	pu	{0,1)
Detection delay	Detection delay for low AC voltage	s	{0,1e12}
Fall delay	The minimal duration of the flag for low AC voltage condition (Voltage lower than Vca threshold) before the protection system starts acting	s	{0, 1e12}

Disturbances

Name	Description	Unit	Variable = {Possible Values}
Valve number for fault	The number of valves to which the fault or the commutation failure is applied. Numbers 1 to 12 correspond to the following valves: 1Y, 2Y, 3Y, 4Y, 5Y, 6Y, 1D, 2D, 3D, 4D, 5D, 6D.		{1,12}
Faults/misfiring	Faults or Commutation failure (None =0, Valve= 1, DC=2, Misfiring = 3, DCY=4, DCD=5)
DC fault resistance	Value of fault resistance on converter terminals	Ohm	{0, 1e12}
Reference step	Specifies the reference step: None if no step is desired; 1 for a step in ΔIref 2 for a step in the ΔVref	s	{0, 1e12}
ΔIref or ΔVref	Step size for current or voltage reference	pu
Start time	The start time of the disturbance	s
End time	The end time of the disturbance	s

Browser not supported