Model Tabs

Id Ref

Current reference

pu

Id Ref + Slope

Current reference rising rate

pu/s

{[0,1e12]}

Id Ref - Slope

Current reference falling rate

pu/s

{[0,1e12]}

Id Ref min

Current reference lower limit

pu

{[0,1]}

Id Ref max

Current reference upper limit

pu

{[0,1]}

Vd Ref

Voltage reference

pu

{[0,1]}

Vd Ref + Slope

Voltage reference rising rate

pu/s

{[0,1e12]}

Vd Ref - Slope

Voltage reference falling rate

pu/s

{[0,1e12]}

Vd Ref min

Voltage reference lower limit

pu

{[0,1e12]}

Vd Ref max

Voltage reference upper limit

pu

{[0,1e12]}

Converter mode

Operating mode of the converter (rectifier = 0, inverter = 1)

{0,1}

Blocking

Converter enabled (1) or disabled (0)

{0,1}

Regulator mode α constant

Controlled Alpha (0) or Constant Alpha (1)

{0,1}

α constant reference

Delay angle α when operating in constant α mode

degree

{[0,179]}

Firing

Internal (0) or external (1)

{0,1}

Cathode connection

Specifies where the cathode side of the converter is connected; neutral side (0) or Line side (1)

{0,1}

Vd Base

Base for direct voltage

kV

{(0,1e12]}

Id Base

Base for direct current

kA

{(0,1e12]}

Vac Base (rms L-L)

Rated AC voltage on the transformer primary

kV

{(0,1e12]}

Synchronization Bus

Name of the bus whose voltages are used to synchronize the firing system

DC Line Bus (Vd Measure)

Name of the bus connecting the converter and the DC line

Transfo name

Transformer name

Leakage

The leakage inductance of converter transformer for star or delta winding on the valve side

H

{(0,1e12]}

Delta connection Type

Lag; Lead

Ki Id

Integral gain of the PI current regulator

degrees/pu/second

{[-1e12,1e12]}

Kp Id

Proportional gain of the PI current regulator

degrees/pu/second

{[-1e12,1e12]}

αmin

The lower limit of the delay angle α

degree

{[0,179]}

αmax

The upper limit of the delay angle α

degree

{[0,179]}

Δα1, Δα2 (for 12 pulse)

Limit values for the positive variation of delay angle α 

degree

{[0,179]}

Δα3, Δα4 (for 12 pulse)

Limit values for the negative variation of delay angle α

degree

{[0,179]}

Ki Id

Integral gain of the PI current regulator

degrees/pu/second

{[-1e12,1e12]}

Kp Id

Proportional gain of the PI current regulator

degrees/pu/second

{[-1e12,1e12]}

αmin

Lower limit of the delay angle α

degree

{[0,179]}

Ki Vd

Upper limit of the delay angle α

degrees/pu/second

{[-1e12,1e12]}

Kp Vd

Limit values for the positive variation of delay angle α

degrees/pu/second

{[-1e12,1e12]}

γmin

Lower limit for the γ angle

degree

{[0,179]}

Δα1, Δα2

Limit values for the positive variation of delay angle α

degree

{[0,179]}

Δα3

Limit values for the negative variation of delay angle α

degree

{[0,179]}

Synchronization mode

Equidistant or equiangular synchronization mode

Umin

Minimum voltage value at valve terminal, so that the equidistant synchronization mode can fire the valve

pu

{[0,1]}

Kosc

Oscillator gain

{[-1e12, 1e12]}

Transformer Decoupling element

Tap changer transformer with a decoupling element (Enabled or Disabled)

Transformation ratio

Represents the rated ratio Ns/Np.

{[0,1e12]}

Vd min

Minimum dc voltage

pu

{(0,1]}

Id min

Minimum dc current

pu

{(0,1]}

Rise time

Dc voltage rise time

s

{(0, 1e12]}

Vd threshold

Threshold voltage

pu

{(0,1]}

αmin (rectifier mode)

Minimum dc voltage

degrees

{(15,18]}

αmax (rectifier mode)

Minimum dc current

degrees

{(15,18]}

γmin (inverter mode)

Dc voltage rise time

degrees

{(17,20]}

γmax (inverter mode)

Threshold voltage

degrees

{(17,20]}

First order (τ1)

First order filter time constant

s

Second order (τ2)

Second order filter time constant

s

{(0,1e12]}

Freq base

Frequency Base

Hz

{(0,1e12]}

Freq min

Minimum bandpass filter frequency

Hz

{(0,1e12]}

Freq max

Maximum bandpass filter frequency

Hz

{(0,1e12]}

Passband

Filter bandwidth

Hz

{(0,1e12]}

Ropen

Open state resistance

Ohms

{(0, 1e12]}

Rclosed

Closed state resistance

Ohms

{(0, 1e12]}

Rsnubber

Snubber resistance

Ohms

{(0, 1e12]}

Csnubber

Snubber capacitance

F

{[0, 1e12]}

Fbov

The highest value of forward voltage across a blocked valve. Relevant only for diodes, thyristors, and GTOs

V

{[0, 1e12]}

Rbov

Highest value of reverse voltage across a valve. Relevant only for diodes, thyristors and GTOs

V

{[0, 1e12]}

Tq

Turn-off time

s

{[0, 1e12]}

Ibreak

GTO maximum breakable current

A

{[0, 1e12]}

Vf

Forward voltage drop

V

{[0, 1e12]}

Ihold

Holding current

A

{[0, 1e12]}

Switch type

Specifies the valve type that makes the converter

Fail reset

The signal which represents if forward or reverses breakdown voltage condition is reached or false firing happened

Disable(0); Enable (1)

{0,1}

Precision valve model

Precision valve active or not (Active=Enable, Deactivated=Disable)

Detection delay

Detection delay of DC fault

s

{[0, 1e12]}

Vd threshold

DC voltage threshold used for DC fault detection

pu

{[0, 1]}

α retard

Value of the constant α angle imposed after a fault is detected

degree

{[0, 1e12]}

α retard duration

The time interval during which the value of the forced α angle is imposed by the DC protection system

s

{[0, 1e12]}

α retard number

Number of times the constant α angle is imposed and then removed before the converter is automatically blocked by the DC fault protection

{[0, 1e12]}

Protection

Protection enabled (1) or disabled (0)

{0,1}

Delta γ

Value added to the lower limit of γ by the protection for commutation failures

degree

{[0,360]}

Rise time

First-order time constant affecting the increase of minimum γ 

s

{[0, 1e12]}

Fall time

First-order time constant affecting the decrease of minimum γ 

s

{[0, 1e12]}

Protective Block

Protective block enable (1) or disable (0)

{0,1}

Protective Block start time

Time to start the protective block

s

{(0,1e12]}

Vac threshold

Voltage threshold used for low AC voltage detection

pu

{0,1)

Detection delay

Detection delay for low AC voltage

s

{0,1e12}

Fall delay

The minimal duration of the flag for low AC voltage condition (Voltage lower than Vca threshold) before the protection system starts acting

s

{0, 1e12}

Valve number for fault

The number of valves to which the fault or the commutation failure is applied. Numbers 1 to 12 correspond to the following valves: 1Y, 2Y, 3Y, 4Y, 5Y, 6Y, 1D, 2D, 3D, 4D, 5D, 6D.

{1,12}

Faults/misfiring

Faults or Commutation failure (None =0, Valve= 1, DC=2, Misfiring = 3, DCY=4, DCD=5)

DC fault resistance

Value of fault resistance on converter terminals

Ohm

{0, 1e12}

Reference step

Specifies the reference step:

• None if no step is desired;
• 1 for a step in ΔIref
• 2 for a step in the ΔVref

s

{0, 1e12}

ΔIref or ΔVref

Step size for current or voltage reference

pu

Start time

The start time of the disturbance

s

End time

The end time of the disturbance

s