Shunt & Series R, L, C Elements

Introduction

An RLC element is a single-phase, two-phase or three-phase element consisting of RLC branches where each branch can have a resistance (R), an inductance (L) and a capacitor (C) connected in series. The value of at least one of the three components in series must not be zero.There are two types of RLC elements: series RLC elements and shunt RLC elements.

An element set to zero means no element is activated and it cannot take a value during a simulation.
The element automatically adjusts from single-phase to three-phase according to the type of bus it is connected to.

RLC Elements Icons and Diagrams
Tables below show the icons and diagrams used to represent series and shunt RLC elements.
One end of a shunt RLC element must be connected to a bus while the other end can be ground connected or not, based on the type of connection. The series element must be connected between two buses in the network. The palette of models allows users to select from 14 icons and diagrams.

	R	L	C	LC	RC	RL	RLC
Series Elements
Element
Shunt Elements
Element

For shunt elements, three types of connections are available for three-phase connections:

Ground Y Connection	One end of the shunt RL element is connected to a bus and the other end to the ground
Floating Y Connection	One end of each RLC branch of the RLC element is connected to a phase at the end of the bus, while the other ends are connected together, but not to the ground. Figure 6 - 2 shows a floating Y connected shunt RL element
Delta Connection (or triangle)	In the case of a Delta connection, the three RL branches of a three-phase element are Delta connected, and each top of the Delta is connected to a phase of the bus. Figure 6 - 2 shows a shunt RL element Delta connected. It can be seen that Figures 6 - 2 and 6 - 3 do not really represent the actual connections of a shunt RL element.

This is a small inconvenience and there are many ways to go around it. For example, the user can put a Y sign next to the diagrams of a Y connected shunt RLC element and a Delta sign next to the diagram of a Delta connected shunt RLC element.

Y Ground Connection of a Shunt RL Element, as shown in a diagram (a) and in a reality (b)

General Parameters

Base Values

Base MVA	Base power
Base volt	Base voltage
Base freq	Base frequency
Connection	For series RLC elements, Series only For single-phase shunt RLC elements, only a Y ground connection is allowed For three-phase shunt RLC elements, Y ground, Y floating or Delta
Units	SI, pu or PQ SI: Specifies the values of the components in international system units (ohm, henry and farad) pu: Specifies the values of the components in pu, according to the voltage and power bases PQ: To specify the values of the components in active and reactive powers, (MW, Mvar)
RLC Parameters	R: Resistance value for each phase L: Inductance value for each phase C: Capacitor value for each phase

List of Available Signals

At acquisition, the following signals are made available by the sensors:
• I(a,b,c)_label: Current for each phase (A) in a three-phase element, and I_label in a single phase element.

Control Panel of Series RLC Elements

Control Panel of Series RLC Elements

Control Panel of Shunt RLC Elements