Exciters

On this page:

The excitation systems data comes from ElmDsl sections in the DGS-XML file. The following tables outline the required parameters for each excitation system that is accessible through the Native Library.

The version of the exciter can be determined using the following pattern:

Version	Type Prefixes

Version	Type Prefixes
PowerFactory 2022 and prior versions	Exciters: avr_
PowerFactory 2023 and more recent versions	Exciters: exc_PSSE_

avr_AC7B, exc_PSSE_AC7B

These PowerFactory components are mapped to AC7B exciter of the Native Library.

Parameters from ElmDsl Section

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values
`TR`	Voltage transducer time constant [s]	Any value
`TE`	Exciter field time constant [s]
`TF3`	Field current stabilizing feedback time constant [pu]
`TDR`	Voltage regulator differential time constant [s]
`KC`	Rectifier loading factor [pu]
`KD`	Demagnetizing factor [pu]
`KDR`	Voltage regulator differential gain
`KE`	Exciter droop [pu]
`KF1`	Exciter stabilizing feedback gain
`KF2`	Exciter field current feedback gain
`KF3`	Exciter field current feedback gain
`KIA`	Field current loop integral gain
`KIR`	Voltage regulator integral gain
`KL`	Current loop limitation factor [pu]
`KP`	Potential circuit gain coefficient
`KPA`	Field current loop proportional gain
`KPR`	Voltage regulator proportional gain
`VAMIN`	Field current loop minimum output [pu]
`VAMAX`	Field current loop maximum output [pu]
`VRMIN`	Voltage regulator minimum output [pu]
`VRMAX`	Voltage regulator maximum output [pu]
`VFEMIN/Ve_min`	Minimum exciter output voltage [pu]
`VFEMAX`	Exciter field current limit reference [pu]
`E1`	Exciter alternator output voltages at which saturation is defined 1 [pu]
`E2`	Exciter alternator output voltages at which saturation is defined 2 [pu]
`SE1`	Saturation Factor at point 1
`SE2`	Saturation Factor at point 2

avr_AC8B, exc_PSSE_AC8B

These PowerFactory component is mapped to AC8B exciter of the Native Library.

Parameters from ElmDsl Section

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values
`Ta`	Voltage regulator time constant [s]	Any value
`Tr`	Voltage transducer time constant [s]
`Te`	Exciter field time constant [s]
`Tdr`	Voltage regulator differential time constant [s]
`ka`	Voltage regulator gain [pu]
`Kc`	Rectifier loading factor [pu]
`Kd`	Demagnetizing factor [pu]
`Kdr`	Voltage regulator differential gain [pu]
`Ke`	Exciter droop [pu]
`Kir/Kri`	Voltage regulator integral gain [pu]
`Kpr`	Voltage regulator proportional gain [pu]
`Vpid_min`	Minimum PID regulator output [pu]
`Vpid_max`	Maximum PID regulator output [pu]
`VRmin`	Voltage regulator minimum output [pu]
`VRmax`	Voltage regulator maximum output [pu]
`VEmin`	Minimum exciter output voltage [pu]
`VFEmax`	Exciter field current limit reference [pu]
`E1`	Exciter alternator output voltages at which saturation is defined 1 [pu]
`E2`	Saturation Factor at point 1
`SE1`	Exciter alternator output voltages at which saturation is defined 2 [pu]
`SE2`	Saturation Factor at point 2

avr_ESDC1A, exc_PSSE_ESDC1A

These PowerFactory components are mapped to ESDC1A exciter of the Native Library.

Parameters from ElmDsl Section

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values
`E1`	Exciter alternator output voltages at which saturation is defined 1 [pu]	Any value
`E2`	Exciter alternator output voltages at which saturation is defined 1 [pu]
`Ka`	Controller Gain [pu]
`Ke`	Exciter Constant [pu]
`Kf`	Stabilization Path Gain [pul
`Se1`	Saturation Factor at point 1
`Se2`	Saturation Factor at point 2
`Ta`	Controller Time Constant [s]
`Tb`	Filter Delay Time Constant [s]
`Tc`	Filter Derivative Time Constant [s]
`Te`	Exciter Time Constant [s]
`Tf1`	Stabilization Path Time Constant [s]
`Tr`	Measurement Delay [s]
`Vrmin`	Controller Minimum Output [pu]
`Vrmax`	Controller Maximum Output [pu]

avr_EXAC1A, exc_PSSE_EXAC1

These PowerFactory components are mapped to EXAC1 exciter of the Native Library.

Parameters from ElmDsl Section

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values
`Tr`	Measurement Delay [s]	Any value
`Tb`	Filter Delay Time [s]
`Tc`	Filter Derivative Time Constant [s]
`Ka`	Controller Gain [pu]
`Ta`	Controller Time Constant [s]
`Te`	Exciter Time Constant [s]
`Kf`	Stabilization Path Gain [pu]
`Tf`	Stabilization Path Delay Time [s]
`Kc`	Rectifier Regulation Constant [s]
`Kd`	Exciter Armature reaction Factor [pu]
`E1`	Exciter alternator output voltages at which saturation is defined 1 [pu]
`Se1`	Saturation Factor at point 1
`E2`	Exciter alternator output voltages at which saturation is defined 2 [pu]
`Se2`	Saturation Factor at point 2
`Ke`	Exciter Constant [pu]
`Vrmin`	Controller Minimum Output [pu]
`Vrmax`	Controller Maximum Output [pu]

avr_ESST4B, exc_PSSE_ESST4B

These PowerFactory components are mapped to ESST4B exciter of the Native Library.

Parameters from ElmDsl Section

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values
`Tr`	Measurement Time Constant [s]	Any value
`Kp`	Voltage Component (Magnitude) [pu]
`thetaP`	Voltage Component (angle) [deg.]
`Kir`	PI Time Constant [1/s]
`Kpm`	Forward Gain inner loop [pu]
`Kim`	Forward Time Constant inner loop [1/s]
`Ta`	Controller Time Constant [s]
`Kg`	Feedback Gain inner loop [pu]
`Vrmin`	Voltage Regulator Minimum Output [pu]
`Ta`	Controller Time Constant [s]
`Kg`	Feedback Gain inner loop [pu]
`thetaP`	Exciter Maximum Output [pu]
`Vrmin`	Voltage Regulator Minimum Output [pu]
`Vmmin`	Forward Minimum Output [pu]
`Vmmax`	Forward Maximum Output [pu]
`Vbmax`	Exciter voltage limit [pu]
`Vrmax`	Voltage Regulator Maximum Output [pu]

avr_ESST1A, exc_PSSE_ESST1A

These PowerFactory component is mapped to ESST1A exciter of the Native Library.

Parameters from ElmDsl Section

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values
`Tr`	Measurement Delay [s]	Any value
`Tb`	Filter 1st Delay Time Constant [s]
`Tc`	Filter 1st Derivative Time Constant [s]
`Tb1`	Filter 2nd Delay Time Constant [s]
`Tc1`	Filter 2nd Derivative Time Constant [s]
`Ka`	Controller Gain [pu]
`Ta`	Controller Time Constant [s]
`Kc`	Current Limiter Factor [pu]
`Kf`	Stabilization Path Gain [pu]
`Tf`	Stabilization Path Time Constant [s]
`Klr`	Current Input Factor [pu]
`Ilr`	Exciter Maximum Output [pu]
`Vos`	PSS Input Selector [pu]
`Vel/Uel`	Uel Input Selector [pu]
`Vimin`	Controller Input Minimum [pu]
`Vamin`	Controller Minimum Output [pu]
`Vrmin`	Exciter Minimum Output [pu]
`Vrmax`	Exciter Maximum Output [pu]
`Vimax`	Controller Input Maximum [pu]
`Vamax`	Controller Maximum Output [pu]

avr_EXDC2, exc_PSSE_EXDC2

These PowerFactory components are mapped to EXDC2 exciter of the Native Library.

Parameters from ElmDsl Section

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values
`Tr`	Measurement Delay [s]	Any value
`Tb`	Filter Delay Time [pu]
`Tc`	Filter Derivative Time Constant [s]
`Ka`	Controller Gain [pu]
`Ta`	Controller Time Constant [s]
`Kc`	Exciter Current Compensation Factor [pu]
`Kf`	Stabilization Path Gain [pu]
`E1`	Exciter alternator output voltages at which saturation is defined 1 [pu]
`Se1`	Saturation Factor at point 1
`E2`	Exciter alternator output voltages at which saturation is defined 2 [pu]
`Se2`	Saturation Factor at point 2
`Te`	Exciter Time Constant [s]
`Kf`	Stabilization Path Gain [pu]
`Tf1`	Stabilization Path Time Constant [s]
`Ke`	Exciter Constant [pu]

avr_EXAC4, exc_PSSE_EXAC4

These PowerFactory components are mapped to EXAC4 exciter of the Native Library.

Parameters from ElmDsl Section

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values
`Tr`	Measurement Delay [s]	Any value
`Tb`	Filter Delay Time [s]
`Tc`	Filter Derivative Time Constant [s]
`Ka`	Controller Gain [pu]
`Ta`	Controller Time Constant [s]
`Kc`	Exciter Current Compensation Factor [pu]
`Vimin`	Controller Minimum Input [pu]
`Vrmin`	Exciter Minimum Output [pu]
`Vimax`	Controller Maximum Input [pu]
`Vrmax`	Exciter Maximum Output [pu]

avr_EXPIC1, exc_PSSE_EXPIC1

These PowerFactory components are mapped to EXPIC1 exciter of the native library.

Parameters from ElmDsl Section

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values
`Tr`	Measurement Delay [s]	Any value
`Ka`	Controller Gain [pu]
`Ta1`	Controller Time Constant [s]
`Ta2`	Filter 1st Delay Time [s]
`Ta3`	Filter Derivative Time Constant [s]
`Ta4`	Filter 2nd Delay Time [s]
`Kf`	Stabilization Path Gain [pu]
`Tf1`	Stabilization Path 1st Time Constant [s]
`Tf2`	Stabilization Path 2nd Time Constant [s]
`E1`	Exciter alternator output voltages at which saturation is defined 1 [pu]
`Se1`	Saturation Factor at point 1
`E2`	Exciter alternator output voltages at which saturation is defined 2 [pu]
`Se2`	Saturation Factor at point 2
`Te`	Exciter Time Constant [s]
`Kp`	Voltage Factor [pu]
`Ki`	Current Factor [pu]
`Kc`	Excitation Current Factor [pu]
`Ke`	Excitation Constant [pu]
`Vr2`	Controller Minimum [pu]
`Vrmin`	Controller Minimum Output [pu]
`Efdmin`	Exciter Minimum Output [pu]
`Vr1`	Controller Maximum [pu]
`Vrmax`	Controller Maximum Output [pu]
`Efdmax`	Exciter Maximum Output [pu]

avr_EXST1, exc_PSSE_EXST1

These PowerFactory components are mapped to EXST1 exciter of the Native Library.

Parameters from ElmDsl Section

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values
`Tr`	Measurement Delay [s]	Any value
`Ka`	Controller Gain [pu]
`Ta1`	Controller Time Constant [s]
`Ta2`	Filter 1st Delay Time [s]
`Ta3`	Filter Derivative Time Constant [s]
`Ta4`	Filter 2nd Delay Time [s]
`Kf`	Stabilization Path Gain [pu]
`Tf1`	Stabilization Path 1st Time Constant [s]
`Tf2`	Stabilization Path 2nd Time Constant [s]
`E1`	Exciter alternator output voltages at which saturation is defined 1 [pu]
`Se1`	Saturation Factor at point 1
`E2`	Exciter alternator output voltages at which saturation is defined 2 [pu]
`Se2`	Saturation Factor at point 2
`Te`	Exciter Time Constant [s]
`Kp`	Voltage Factor [pu]
`Ki`	Current Factor [pu]
`Kc`	Excitation Current Factor [pu]
`Ke`	Excitation Constant [pu]
`Vr2`	Controller Minimum [pu]
`Vrmin`	Controller Minimum Output [pu]
`Efdmin`	Exciter Minimum Output [pu]
`Vr1`	Controller Maximum [pu]
`Vrmax`	Controller Maximum Output [pu]
`Efdmax`	Exciter Maximum Output [pu]

avr_ESAC5A, exc_PSSE_ESAC5A

These PowerFactory components are mapped to ESAC5A exciter of the Native Library.

Parameters from ElmDsl Section

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values
`Tr`	Measurement Delay [s]	Any value
`Ka`	Controller Gain [pu]
`Ta`	Controller Time Constant [s]
`Ke`	Exciter Constant [pu]
`Te`	Exciter Time Constant [s]
`Kf`	Stabilization Path Gain [pu]
`Tf1`	Stabilization Path 1st Time Constant [s]
`Tf2`	Stabilization Path 2nd Time Constant [s]
`Tf3`	Stabilization Path 3rd Time Constant [s]
`Tf4`	Stabilization Path 4th Time Constant [s]
`E1`	Exciter alternator output voltages at which saturation is defined 1 [pu]
`Se1`	Saturation Factor at point 1
`E2`	Exciter alternator output voltages at which saturation is defined 2 [pu]
`Se2`	Saturation Factor at point 2
`Vrmin`	Controller Minimum Output [pu]
`Vrmax`	Controller Input Maximum [pu]

avr_ESAC1A, exc_PSSE_ESAC1A

These PowerFactory components are mapped to ESAC1A exciter of the Native Library.

Parameters from ElmDsl Section

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values
`Tb`	Filter Delay Time [s]	Any value
`Tc`	Filter Derivative Time Constant [s]
`Tr`	Measurement Delay [s]
`Ka`	Controller Gain [p.u.]
`Ta`	Controller Time Constant [s]
`Kf`	Controller Gain [p.u.]
`Tf`	Stabilization Path Time Constant [s]
`Kf`	Stabilization Path Gain [p.u.]
`Te`	Exciter Time Constant [s]
`Kc`	Rectifier Regulation Constant [p.u.]
`Ke`	Exciter Constant [p.u.]
`Kd`	Armature Reaction Constant [p.u.]
`E1`	Exciter alternator output voltages at which saturation is defined 1 [pu]
`SEI`	Saturation Factor at point 1
`E2`	Exciter alternator output voltages at which saturation is defined 2 [pu]
`SE2`	Saturation Factor at point 2
`Vamin`	Amplifier Minimum Output [p,u.]
`Vrmin`	Controller Minimum Output [p.u.]
`Vamax`	Amplifier Maximum Output [p,u.]
`Vrmax`	Controller Minimum Output [p.u.]

avr_ESAC8B, exc_PSSE_ESAC8B

These PowerFactory components are mapped to ESAC8B exciter of the Native Library.

Parameters from ElmDsl Section

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values
`Tr`	Measurement Time Constant [s]	Any value
`KP`	Proportional Gain [pu]
`Ka`	Controller Gain [pu]
`Ta`	Controller Time Constant [s]
`Ke`	Exciter Constant [s]
`Te`	Exciter Time Constant [s]
`E1`	Exciter alternator output voltages at which saturation is defined 1 [pu]
`SeI`	Saturation Factor at point 1
`E2`	Exciter alternator output voltages at which saturation is defined 2 [pu]
`Se2`	Saturation Factor at point 2
`KD`	Derivative Gain [pu]
`TD`	Time Const. Derivative Action [s]
`VRMIN`	Controller Minimum Output [pu]
`VRMAX`	Controller Maximum Output [pu]

avr_ESAC6A, exc_PSSE_ESAC6A

These PowerFactory components are mapped to ESAC6A exciter of the Native Library.

Parameters from ElmDsl Section

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values
`Tr`	Voltage transducer time constant [s]	Any value
`Ta`	Amplifier time constant [s]
`Ka`	Amplifier gain [pu]
`Te`	Exciter time Constant [s]
`E1`	Exciter alternator output voltages at which saturation is defined 1 [pu]
`SE1`	Saturation Factor at point 1
`E2`	Exciter alternator output voltages at which saturation is defined 2 [pu]
`SE2`	Saturation Factor at point 2
`Th`	Damping module lag time constant [s]
`Tj`	Damping module lead time constant [s]
`Kh`	Damping module gain [pu]
`KD`	Armature reaction constant [pu]
`KC`	Rectifier regulation constant [pu]
`Vfelim`	Voltage saturation limits [pu]
`KE`	Exciter droop [pu]
`Tb`	First Lag time constant [s]
`Tc`	First Lead time constant [s]
`Vrmin`	Voltage regulation minimum [pu]
`Vamin`	Voltage amplifier minimum [pu]
`Vhmax`	Damping module limiter [pu]
`Vrmax`	Voltage regulation maximum [pu]
`Vamax`	Voltage amplifier maximum [pu]

avr_ESDC2A, exc_PSSE_ESDC2A

These PowerFactory components are mapped to ESDC2A exciter of the Native Library.

Parameters from ElmDsl Section

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values
`Tr`	Measurement Delay [s]	Any value
`Tb`	Filter Delay Time [s]
`Tc`	Filter Derivative Time Constant [s]
`Ka`	Controller Gain [p.u.]
`Ta`	Controller Time Constant [s]
`Te`	Exciter Time Constant [s]
`Ke`	Exciter Constant [p.u.]
`E1`	Exciter alternator output voltages at which saturation is defined 1 [pu]
`SE1`	Saturation Factor at point 1
`E2`	Exciter alternator output voltages at which saturation is defined 2 [pu]
`SE2`	Saturation Factor at point 2
`Kf`	Stabilization Path Gain [p.u.]
`Tf1`	Stabilization Path Time Constant [s]
`Vrmin`	Controller Minimum Output [pu]
`Vrmax`	Controller Maximum Output [pu]

avr_IEEET1, exc_PSSE_IEEET1

These PowerFactory components are mapped to IEEET1 exciter of the Native Library.

Parameters from ElmDsl Section

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values
`Tr`	Measurement Delay [s]	Any value
`Ka`	Controller Gain [pu]
`Ta`	Controller Time Constant [s]
`Ke`	Exciter Constant [pu]
`Te`	Exciter Time Constant [s]
`Kf`	Stabilization Path Gain [pu]
`Tf`	Stabilization Path Time Constant [s]
`E1`	Exciter alternator output voltages at which saturation is defined 1 [pu]
`Se1`	Saturation Factor at point 1
`E2`	Exciter alternator output voltages at which saturation is defined 2 [pu]
`Se2`	Saturation Factor at point 2
`Vrmin`	Controller Output Minimum [pu]
`Vrmax`	Controller Output Maximum [pu]

avr_IEEET2, exc_PSSE_IEEET2

These PowerFactory components are mapped to IEEET2 exciter of the Native Library.

Parameters from ElmDsl Section

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values
`Tr`	Measurement Delay [s]	Any value
`Ka`	Controller Gain [pu]
`Ta`	Controller Time Constant [s]
`Ke`	Exciter Constant [pu]
`Te`	Exciter Time Constant [s]
`Kf`	Stabilization Path Gain [pu]
`Tf`	Stabilization Path Time Constant [s]
`E1`	Exciter alternator output voltages at which saturation is defined 1 [pu]
`Se1`	Saturation Factor at point 1
`E2`	Exciter alternator output voltages at which saturation is defined 2 [pu]
`Se2`	Saturation Factor at point 2
`Vrmin`	Controller Output Minimum [pu]
`Vrmax`	Controller Output Maximum [pu]

avr_IEEEX1, exc_PSSE_IEEEX1

These PowerFactory components are mapped to IEEEX1 exciter of the Native Library.

Parameters from ElmDsl Section

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values
`Tr`	Measurement Delay [s]	Any value
`Ka`	Controller Gain [pu]
`Ta`	Controller Time Constant [s]
`Tb`	Filter Delay Time [s]
`Tc`	Filter Derivative Time Constant [s]
`Te`	Exciter Time Constant [s]
`Kf`	Stabilization Path Gain [pu]
`Tf1`	Stabilization Path Delay Time [s]
`E1`	Exciter alternator output voltages at which saturation is defined 1 [pu]
`Se1`	Saturation Factor at point 1
`E2`	Exciter alternator output voltages at which saturation is defined 2 [pu]
`Se2`	Saturation Factor at point 2
`Ke`	Exciter Constant [pu]
`Vrmin`	Controller Output Minimum [pu]
`Vrmax`	Controller Output Maximum [pu]

avr_IVOEX, exc_PSSE_IVOEX

These PowerFactory components are mapped to IVOEX exciter of the Native Library.

Parameters from ElmDsl Section

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values
`K1`	First Block Gain [pu]	Any value
`A1`	First Block Factor 1 [pu]
`T1`	First Block Derivative Time Constant [s]
`A2`	First Block Factor 2 [pu]
`T2`	First Block Delay Time Constant [s]
`K3`	Second Block Gain [pu]
`A3`	Second Block Factor 1 [pu]
`T3`	Second Block Derivative Time Constant [s]
`A4`	Second Block Factor 2 [pu]
`T4`	Second Block Delay Time Constant [s]
`K5`	Third Block Gain [pu]
`A5`	Third Block Factor 1 [pu]
`T5`	Third Block Derivative Time Constant [s]
`A6`	Third Block Factor 2 [pu]
`T6`	Third Block Delay Time Constant [s]
`MIN1`	First Block Lower Limit [pu]
`MIN3`	Second Block Lower Limit [pu]
`MIN5`	Third Block Lower Limit [pu]
`MAX1`	First Block Upper Limit [pu]
`MAX3`	Second Block Upper Limit [pu]
`MAX5`	Third Block Upper Limit [pu]

avr_SCRX, exc_PSSE_SCRX

These PowerFactory components are mapped to SCRX exciter of the Native Library.

Parameters from ElmDsl Section

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values
`Tb`	Filter Delay Time [s]	Any value
`Ta` _{(until Ver. 2022)}	Filter Derivative Time Constant [s]
`TaTb` _{(Ver. 2023 and after)}	Ta/Tb
`K`	Controller Gain [pu]
`Te`	Exciter Time Constant [s]
`rc_rfd`	Crowbar resistor factor. [pu]
`Emin`	Controller Minimum Output [pu]
`Emax`	Controller Maximum Output [pu]
`Cswitch`	Cswitch [0, 1]	Integer values [0 , 1]

avr_SEXS, exc_PSSE_SEXS

These PowerFactory components are mapped to SEXS exciter of the native library.

Parameters from ElmDsl Section

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values
`Tb`	Filter Delay Time [s]	Any value
`Ta` _{(until Ver. 2022)}	Filter Derivative Time Constant [s]
`TaTb` _{(Ver. 2023 and after)}	Ta/Tb
`Te`	Exciter Time Constant [s]
`Emin`	Controller Minimum Output [pu]
`Emax`	Controller Maximum Output [pu]

avr_URST5T, exc_PSSE_URST5

These PowerFactory components are mapped to URST5T exciter of the Native Library.

Parameters from ElmDsl Section

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values

Parameter	Description	Acceptable Values
`Tr`	Measurement Time Constant [s]	Any value
`Tb1`	Lag-time constant [s]
`Tc1`	Lead-time constant [s]
`Kr`	Controller Gain [pu]
`Tb2`	Lag-time constantt [s]
`Tc2`	Voltage regulator lead time constant [s]
`T1`	Controller time constant [s]
`Kc`	Rectifier loading factor [pu]
`Vrmin`	Voltage Regulator Minimum Output [pu]
`Vrmax`	Voltage Regulator Maximum Output [pu]