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Type-3 Wind Turbine Block

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The Type-3 Wind Turbine Generation Systems (WTGS) are pitch-regulated and utilize a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) (where two DC/AC converters sharing a common DC-bus are separately connected to the rotor and stator windings) where its stator windings are directly connected to the external AC-bus.

The diagram below illustrates the basic structure of the Type-3 WTGS. The rotor of the asynchronous machine is connected to the grid via the rotor-side converter (RSC) and grid-side converter (GSC). A DC link capacitor is placed between the RSC and GSC to regulate the voltage.

Mask and Parameters

The Diesel Generator block contains the following tabs in the parameter configuration mask:

  • Generator

  • Converter

  • Control

  • Turbine

  • Drive Train

Global Parameters

 

Name

Unit

Description

Name

Unit

Description

Sampling time

s

Simulation time-step

Nominal frequency

Hz

Fundamental network frequency

Total wind turbine nominal power

VA

Power rating of the wind turbine

Nominal global power

W

Overall installed capacity of the microgrid network

WTGS Data

Generator Tab

The parameters for a single unit of DFIG are specified under this tab.

Name

Unit

Description

Name

Unit

Description

Nominal electrical power

VA

Apparent power rating of the asynchronous machine

Mutual reactance

pu

Magnetizing reactance of the asynchronous machine

Stator | Nominal voltage

V

Stator line-line RMS voltage (i.e. generator terminal voltage)

Stator | Resistance

pu

Resistance of the stator winding of the asynchronous machine

Stator | Reactance

pu

Leakage reactance of the stator winding of the asynchronous machine

Rotor | Nominal voltage

V

Rotor line-line RMS voltage

Rotor | Resistance

pu

Resistance of the rotor winding of the asynchronous machine

Rotor | Reactance

pu

Leakage reactance of the rotor winding of the asynchronous machine

Mechanical Properties | Inertia constant

s

Combined rotor and load inertia constant

Mechanical Properties | Friction factor

pu

Combined rotor and load viscous friction coefficient

Mechanical Properties | Number of pole-pairs

-

Number of pole pairs

Initial Conditions | Slip

-

Initial slip of the asynchronous machine

Initial Conditions | Electrical angle

deg

Initial electrical angle at t = 0

Initial Conditions | Magnitude

pu

Initial magnitude of the stator current

Initial Conditions | Angle

deg

Initial angle of the stator current

Converter Tab

 

Name

Unit

Description

Name

Unit

Description

Line filter capacitor (Q=50)

VAR

Reactive power generated by the line filter at the nominal voltage

Choke | Inductor

pu

Reactance of the choke

Choke | Resistor

pu

Resistance of the choke

DC Link | Capacitance per generator

F

Capacitance of the DC link per generator

DC Link | Nominal DC bus voltage

V

DC link nominal voltage

Control Tab

Filter

Name

Unit

Description

Name

Unit

Description

Cut-off frequency

Hz

Cut-off frequency of the low pass filter

Damping factor

-

Damping factor of the low pass filter

Speed Regulator

Name

Unit

Description

Name

Unit

Description

Minimum speed

pu

Minimum angular shaft speed

Maximum speed

pu

Maximum angular shaft speed

Proportional gain (Kp)

-

PI proportional gain for the torque controller

Integral gain (Ki)

-

PI integral gain for the torque controller

Maximum speed output

pu

Maximum speed regulator output

Turbine inertia

s

Inertia of the turbine

Pitch Control

Name

Unit

Description

Name

Unit

Description

Proportional gain (Kp)

-

PI proportional gain for the pitch controller

Maximum pitch angle

deg

Maximum pitch angle of the turbine

Maximum rate of change of pitch angle

deg/s

Slew rate of the change of pitch angle

Pitch time constant

s

Time constant of the pitch control

Pitch Compensation

Name

Unit

Description

Name

Unit

Description

Proportional gain (Kp)

-

PI proportional gain for the pitch compensation

Integral gain (Ki)

-

PI integral gain for the pitch compensation

Grid-Side Controller

Name

Unit

Description

Name

Unit

Description

Grid-side converter maximum current

pu

Maximum allowed DC current

DC Bus Voltage Regulator | Proportional gain (Kp)

-

PI proportional gain for the DC voltage regulation controller

DC Bus Voltage Regulator | Integral gain (Ki)

-

PI integral gain for the DC voltage regulation controller

Current Regulator | Proportional gain (Kp)

-

PI proportional gain for the current regulator

Current Regulator | Integral gain (Ki)

-

PI integral gain for the current regulator

Current Regulator | Current limit

pu

Maximum regulator current

Maximum modulation index

-

Grid side maximum modulation index

Frequency of the grid-side PWM carrier

Hz

Pulse Width Modulation carrier signal frequency

Rotor-Side Converter

Name

Unit

Description

Name

Unit

Description

Minimum flux magnitude

pu

Minimum flux magnitude of the DFIG

Maximum d-axis rotor current

pu

Maximum magnitude of the d-axis component of the rotor current

Reactive Power Regulator | Integral gain (Ki)

-

Integral gain for the reactive power controller

Reactive Power Regulator | Minimum output value

pu

Minimum reactive power output

Reactive Power Regulator | Maximum output value

pu

Maximum reactive power output

Voltage Regulator | Integral gain (Ki)

-

Integral gain for the voltage regulator controller

Current Regulator | Proportional gain (Kp)

-

PI proportional gain for the current regulator

Current Regulator | Integral gain (Ki)

-

PI integral gain for the current regulator

Current Regulator | Current limit

pu

Maximum regulator current

Maximum modulation index

-

Rotorside maximum modulation index

Frequency of the rotor-side PWM carrier

Hz

Pulse Width Modulation carrier signal frequency

Turbine Tab

Name

Unit

Description

Name

Unit

Description

Nominal mechanical power output

W

Net mechanical power transferred to the rotor

Coefficients [c1 … c8]

-

Wind model equation coefficients

Rated omega r

pu

Rated rotor (electrical) speed

Cp max

pu

Maximum power efficiency

Lambda at Cp max

-

Lambda at maximum power efficiency

Nominal wind speed

m/s

Wind speed that gives maximum power efficiency

Initial wind speed

m/s

Wind speed at the start of the simulation

Drive Train Tab

Name

Unit

Description

Name

Unit

Description

Wind turbine inertia constant H

s

Turbine inertia

Shaft spring constant refer to high-speed shaft:

pu/rad

Shaft spring constant as per-unit of the nominal mechanical torque

Shaft mutual damping

1/pu

Shaft mutual damping as per-unit of the nominal mechanical torque

Turbine initial speed

pu

Turbine speed as per-unit of the nominal speed at the start of the simulation

Initial output torque

pu

Torque output as per-unit of the nominal torque at the start of the simulation

Inputs, Outputs and Signals Available for Monitoring

Inputs

Name

Unit

Description

Name

Unit

Description

P ref

pu

Active power reference

Q ref

pu

Reactive power reference

Wind speed ref

m/s

Wind speed

Curtail enable

Boolean

0 = Curtail mode not enabled or 1 = Curtail mode enabled

Trip

Boolean

0 = Disconnected from the grid or 1 = Connected to the grid

V line

V

Voltage measurement at the point of common coupling

I line

A

Current measurement at the point of common coupling

Outputs

Name

Unit

Description

Name

Unit

Description

Measurements

-

Several measurements are stored in this bus.

A

 

Connection port to phase A of the grid

B

 

Connection port to phase B of the grid

C

 

Connection port to phase C of the grid

OPAL-RT TECHNOLOGIES, Inc. | 1751, rue Richardson, bureau 1060 | Montréal, Québec Canada H3K 1G6 | opal-rt.com | +1 514-935-2323
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