Location

This example model can be found in the software under the category "Benchmarks" with the file name "HVAC_230kV_16Bus.ecf".

Description

The HVAC 230kV 16Bus model can be used to evaluate electromagnetic transient overvoltage caused by line switching, fault initiation, and clearing. It can also be used to test the performance of real protection relays interfaced with the simulators through digital to analog converters and power amplifiers or with the new IEC61850 Ethernet communication protocol used with model relays.  This benchmark model contains three synchronous machines with built-in voltage and speed regulators, two voltage sources, four two-winding transformers, ten constant parameters lines, and four loads, and works at three voltage levels 13.8 kV, 110 kV, and 230 kV. During the simulation, any kind of fault, including single-line-to-ground, three-phase, and two-phase-to-ground faults, can be introduced in different locations. For this example, one three-phase fault is considered on Bus 5.1. The fault times can be modified as required by the user, and new faults can also be added on other buses

All the machines of the generation system are controlled by internal exciters, governors (speed regulators), and stabilizers. The user can change this configuration by double-clicking on the machine subsystem and changing the values in the mask. The following is a snapshot of the machine configuration:.

Figure 1: Synchronous machine configuration settings

Simulation and Results

As part of the example model setup, the user can perform one scenario. For this scenario, the user can open a template in ScopeView to display the signals.

Scenario 1: Three-phase fault on Bus 5.1

This scenario is about introducing a three-phase fault on Bus 5.1 at 0.1s by 0.1s. The user can change these settings by going into the fault subsystem and changing the values of T1 and T2 , configuring the fault activation and clear times, respectively.

Figure 2: Fault configuration settings

The following are the results from ScopeView following the three-phase fault on Bus 5.1.

Figure 3: Three-phase voltage on buses 4 and 5 of the 16-Bus model with a three-phase to ground fault at Bus 5.1.

Figure 4. Machine speed and voltages with three-phase to ground fault at Bus 5.1.