Location

This example model can be found in the software under the category "Benchmarks" with the file name "HVAC_500kV_110Bus.ecf".

Description

This model simulates a 500 kV transmission network with 110 buses with 14 hydraulic generation turbine plants (synchronous machines and regulators). The frequency of the network is 60 Hz. With HYPERSIM, it is possible to observe the behavior of the network with fault occurrences (A-gnd, AB-gnd, ABC-gnd). It is also possible to study the electromagnetic transients when the network loses machines or lines. Instability, islanding, and resonances are phenomena that can be studied and validated with the model. During the simulation, any kind of fault, including single-line-to-ground, three-phase, and two-phase-to-ground faults, can be introduced in different locations. For this example, two three-phase faults are considered on Buses 7 and 9. The fault times can be modified as required by the user, and new faults can also be added on other buses.

All the machines of the generation system are controlled by internal exciters, governors (speed regulators), and stabilizers. The user can change this configuration by double-clicking on the machine subsystem and changing the values in the mask. The following is a snapshot of the machine configuration:

Figure 1: Synchronous machine configuration settings

Simulation and Results

As part of the example model setup, the user can perform one scenario. The user can enable or disable two three-phase faults on different model buses.

Scenario 1: Three-phase fault on Buses 7 and 9

The first scenario is about introducing a three-phase fault on Bus 7 at 10.1s by 0.01s and a three-phase fault on Bus 9  at 0.1s by 0.05s. The user can change these settings by going into the fault subsystem and changing the values of T1 and T2, configuring the fault activation and clear times, respectively. By default both faults are enabled,  it is necessary to check the Enable option within the fault subsystems called Flt1_B7 and Flt_B9. By default, the ScopeView template for this example runs for 1s, so the three-phase fault on Bus 7 will not be observed since it occurs at 10.1s. In order to observe the effect of this three-phase fault in the model, it is necessary to increase the capture time in ScopeView or change the times T1 and T2 of the fault in Bus 7.

Figure 2: Fault configuration settings

The following are the results from ScopeView following the first scenario, a three-phase fault on Bus 5.

Figure 3: Voltage of Buses 7 and 9 with a three-phase to ground fault at Bus 9.

Figure 4: Voltage of Bus and Fault current with a three-phase to ground fault at Bus 9

Figure 5: Machine speed and voltages with a three-phase to-ground fault at Bus 9

Real-Time Performance

Benchmarks | 110-Bus 500 kV Transmission System

See Also

Synchronous Machine (pu Standard), Three phase fault, 2-Winding 3-Phase Linear Transformer