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Direct Current Machine


The DC machine is modelled as a Norton equivalent which has a direct interface with the network component. The machine electrical parameters must be specified with real parameters (SI). The control of the machine can only be done externally through the mechanical speed or the mechanical torque. 

The DC machine does not participate in the load flow

Mask and Parameters

The mask of the machine has two tabs:

  • Electrical Parameters: General parameters of the machine
  • Mechanical Data: Mechanical parameters of the machine

General Parameters tab

NameDescriptionUnit
Base powerNominal powerkW
Base VoltageNominal VoltagekV
RaArmature resistanceOhm
LaaArmature inductanceH
RfField resistanceOhm
LffField inductanceH
LafMutual inductanceH

Mechanical Data tab

NameDescriptionUnit
Control typeMechanical torque or speed control-
Moment of inertia JMoment of inertiakgm2
Friction KdFriction coefficientNm.s
Mechanical torqueUser select if the mechanical torque characteristic is internal or external -
TmecTorque points of the mechanical torque versus speedNm
WmecSpeed points of the mechanical torque versus speedrad/s

Ports, Inputs, Outputs and Signals Available for Monitoring

Ports

NameDescription
A+DC machine positive connector of the armature. It supports single-phase connection.
A-DC machine negative connector of the armature. It supports single-phase connection.
F+

DC machine positive connector of the field. It supports single-phase connection.

F-DC machine negative connector of the field. It supports single-phase connection.

Inputs

NameDescriptionUnit

Torque or speed signal if the control is external

Nm or rad/s

Outputs

None

Sensors

NameDescriptionUnit
IasArmature currentA
IfField currentA
PsConsumed powerW
TmecMechanical TorqueNm
Tmec_iLoad torque or speed
WmMechanical speedrad/s
WrpmMechanical speedrpm

Additional Information & Model Equations

The equations below describe the dc machine:

The mechanical torque and the dynamic equation are described as follows:


The figures below show the shunt and serial connections of the DC machine.

Shunt DC machine:

Series DC machine:

Limitations

This model does not take into account the saturation.

References

Analysis of Electric Machinery and Drive Systems, 2nd edition, Paul C. Krause, Oleg Wasynczuk, Scott D. Sudhoff.

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