Understanding the Panel

When starting the demo, the panel in figure 10 appears first with the default settings.

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Figure 10: Start-Up Panel of the PMSM Drive Laboratory

The panel is to be operated as follows:

In the upper left corner, under DC Machine (DCM) the student can set the field and armature voltages of the DC machine and can change the value of the resistive load.
In the middle left corner, under Command, the student can select the type of control and transformation to be applied to the PMSM.
Under each command tab, there are control parameters and/or control buttons that are summarized in tables 2 and 3.
Once a control or a transformation is selected and applied, the student can observe the related waveforms under Oscilloscopes.
More details about the displayed waveforms are discussed later.

Table 2 summarized the control parameters, while table 3 is dedicated to the control buttons.

Control Parameters	Tab	Default Value	Interval of Variation
DCM Field Voltage (V)	DC Machine	0	[0; 460]
DCM Armature Voltage (V)	DC Machine	0	[0; 460]
DCM Load Resistance (Ω)	DC Machine	20	[5; 35]
Hysteresis Band	Current Control	0.03	[0.01; 0.2]
Reference Current (A)	Current Control	0	[-18.2; 18.2]
Reference speed (rpm)	Speed Control	0	[-1800; 1800]

Table 2: Control Parameters of the PMSM Drive

Control Buttons	Associated functions
TRIGGER		The waveforms are not triggered. They “move”
		The waveforms are triggered with respect to a reference signal.
	This button is accessible only in the Transformations Oscilloscopes.
Reset		The reset push button is disabled.
		The reset push button is activated and simulates replacement of fuses after a fault.
	This button is accessible and enabled in all scenarios
K1		PMSM armature is not connected to the three-phase resistance.
		PMSM armature is connected to the three-phase resistance.
	This button is accessible in all scenarios.
K2		PMSM armature is not connected to the three-phase two-level inverter.
		PMSM armature is connected to the three-phase two-level inverter.
	This button is accessible in all scenarios
Speed Control		Speed control is disabled.
		Speed control is enabled.
	This button is accessible in Speed Control only.
Fia		The DC machine’s armature fuse is blown.
Fia		The DC machine’s armature fuse is intact.
Fif		The DC machine’s field fuse is blown.
Fif		The DC machine’s field fuse is intact.
Fi1		The permanent magnet synchronous machine’s stator phase 1 fuse is blown.
Fi1		The permanent magnet synchronous machine’s stator phase 1 is intact.
Fi2		The permanent magnet synchronous machine’s stator phase 2 fuse is blown.
Fi2		The permanent magnet synchronous machine’s stator phase 2 is intact.
Fi3		The permanent magnet synchronous machine’s stator phase 3 fuse is blown.
Fi3		The permanent magnet synchronous machine’s stator phase 2 is intact.
Transformation			Allow selecting Concordia or Clarke transformation. This button is only accessible under the “Transformation” tab.
Self/Vector Control			Allow selecting self-current control of vector current control. This button is only accessible under the “Current Control” tab.
Control			Allow selecting hysteresis or PI current controller. This button is only accessible under the “Current Control” tab.

Table 3: Control Buttons and LED Fuse Status Indicators

On scope localization (for Current Control), the indices used will be like those of matrix elements.
Hence, the scope located in the upper left corner (first row, first column) is denoted Scope₁₁, while the scope in the upper right corner (first row, second column) is Scope₁₂.
By the same token, the scope in the lower left corner is Scope₂₁ while the scope in the lower right corner is Scope₂₂.
Table 4 summarizes the content of scopes for the “Current Control Oscilloscopes”.

Oscilloscopes Current Control	Scope	Content of Scopes & Displayed Waveforms
Self Current Control: Hysteresis	Scope₁₁	Reference and measured currents at phases A, B and C.
	Scope₂₁	Reference and measured currents at phase A.
	Scope₁₂	Reference and measured currents at axes d and q.
	Scope₂₂	Measured torque and speeds of the PMSM.
Self Current Control: PI	Scope₁₁	Reference and measured currents at phases A, B and C.
	Scope₂₁	Line-to-neutral reference voltages for phases A, B and C.
	Scope₁₂	Reference and measured currents at axes d and q.
	Scope₂₂	Measured torque and speed of the PMSM.
Vector Current Control	Scope₁₁	Reference and measured currents at phases A, B and C.
	Scope₂₁	Line-to-neutral reference voltages for phases A, B and C.
	Scope₁₂	Reference and measured currents at axes d and q.
	Scope₂₂	Measured torque and speed of the PMSM.

Table 4: Content of Scopes and Displayed Waveforms

Regarding the scopes under “Speed Control” tab, a column arrangement is considered, as presented in figure 11 below.
Going from top to down, the first scope of the first column is referred to as Scope₁ and the second one Scope₂, the three scopes of the second column are referred to as Scope₃, Scope₄, and Scope₅.
Table 5 summarizes the content of scopes for the “Speed Control” tab.

Oscilloscopes	Scope	Content of Scopes & Displayed Waveforms
Speed Control	Scope₁	Reference and measured currents at phases A, B and C.
	Scope₂	Line-to-neutral reference voltages for phases A, B and C.
	Scope₃	Reference and measured currents at axes d and q.
	Scope₄	Reference and measured torques of the PMSM.
	Scope₅	Reference and measured speeds of the PMSM.

Table 5: Content of Scopes and Displayed Waveforms of the PMSM Drive

For the scopes under “Transformations” tab (see figure 10 above), the top two scopes are referred to as Scope₁ and Scope₂ from left to right, while the bottom scope is referred to as Scope₃. Table 6 summarizes the content of scopes for the “Transformations” tab.

Oscilloscopes	Scope	Content of Scopes & Displayed Waveforms
Speed Control	Scope₁	Currents at phases A, B and C.
	Scope₂	Currents in d-q axes and in α-β axes.
	Scope₃	Active powers in (a, b, c), (d, q), and (α, β) reference frames.

Table 6: Content of Scopes and Displayed Waveforms of “Transformations” Tab

Figure 11: Column Arrangement of Scopes under Speed Control Panel

Finally, the nominal ratings of PMSM, DCM, three-phase two-level inverter, and the test bench mechanical parameters are presented in tables 7 to 10.

Apparent Nominal Power	10200 VA
Nominal Line-to-line Voltage	460 V
Nominal Current	12.80 A
Nominal Speed	1746 rpm
Nominal Torque	55 N m
Number of Pole Pairs	2
Base Speed	1800 rpm
D-axis Inductance	0.1132 H
Q-axis Inductance	0.0562 H
Stator Resistance	1.62 Ω
Magnet Flux	1.014 Wb

Table 7: PMSM Parameters and Nameplate Ratings

Nominal Power	16 HP
Armature Nominal Voltage	460 V
Field Nominal Voltage	460 V
Field Nominal Current	1.11 A
Nominal Speed	1746 rpm

Table 8: DC Machine Nameplate Ratings

DC Input
Voltage DC	800 V
Maximum Current	13.75 A
AC Output	3-phase
Voltage LL RMS	460 V
Maximum Current	19.5 A
Power	11 kW

Table 9: Three-phase Two-level Inverter Nameplate Ratings

Total Inertia	0.30 kg.m²
Total Friction	0.0125 N.m

Table 10: Testbench Mechanical Parameters

Courseware

PMSM - Panels

Understanding the Panel