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PMSM - Panels

Understanding the Panel

When starting the demo, the panel in figure 10 appears first with the default settings.


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Figure 10: Start-Up Panel of the PMSM Drive Laboratory

The panel is to be operated as follows:

  • In the upper left corner, under DC Machine (DCM) the student can set the field and armature voltages of the DC machine and can change the value of the resistive load.
  • In the middle left corner, under Command, the student can select the type of control and transformation to be applied to the PMSM.
  • Under each command tab, there are control parameters and/or control buttons that are summarized in tables 2 and 3.
  • Once a control or a transformation is selected and applied, the student can observe the related waveforms under Oscilloscopes.
    More details about the displayed waveforms are discussed later.

Table 2 summarized the control parameters, while table 3 is dedicated to the control buttons.


Control Parameters

Tab

Default Value

Interval of Variation

DCM Field Voltage (V)

DC Machine

0

[0; 460]

DCM Armature Voltage (V)

DC Machine

0

[0; 460]

DCM Load Resistance (Ω)

DC Machine

20

[5; 35]

Hysteresis Band

Current Control

0.03

[0.01; 0.2]

Reference Current (A)

Current Control

0

[-18.2; 18.2]

Reference speed (rpm)

Speed Control

0

[-1800; 1800]

Table 2: Control Parameters of the PMSM Drive


Control Buttons

Associated functions

TRIGGER

The waveforms are not triggered. They “move”

The waveforms are triggered with respect to a reference signal.

This button is accessible only in the Transformations Oscilloscopes.

Reset

The reset push button is disabled.

The reset push button is activated and simulates replacement of fuses after a fault.

This button is accessible and enabled in all scenarios

K1

PMSM armature is not connected to the three-phase resistance.

PMSM armature is connected to the three-phase resistance.

This button is accessible in all scenarios.

K2

PMSM armature is not connected to the three-phase two-level inverter.

PMSM armature is connected to the three-phase two-level inverter.

This button is accessible in all scenarios

Speed Control

Speed control is disabled.

Speed control is enabled.

This button is accessible in Speed Control only.

Fia

The DC machine’s armature fuse is blown.

The DC machine’s armature fuse is intact.

Fif

The DC machine’s field fuse is blown.

The DC machine’s field fuse is intact.

Fi1

The permanent magnet synchronous machine’s stator phase 1 fuse is blown.

The permanent magnet synchronous machine’s stator phase 1 is intact.

Fi2

The permanent magnet synchronous machine’s stator phase 2 fuse is blown.

The permanent magnet synchronous machine’s stator phase 2 is intact.

Fi3

The permanent magnet synchronous machine’s stator phase 3 fuse is blown.

The permanent magnet synchronous machine’s stator phase 2 is intact.

Transformation

Allow selecting Concordia or Clarke transformation. This button is only accessible under the “Transformation” tab.

Self/Vector Control

Allow selecting self-current control of vector current control. This button is only accessible under the “Current Control” tab.

Control

Allow selecting hysteresis or PI current controller. This button is only accessible under the “Current Control” tab.

Table 3: Control Buttons and LED Fuse Status Indicators

On scope localization (for Current Control), the indices used will be like those of matrix elements.
Hence, the scope located in the upper left corner (first row, first column) is denoted Scope11, while the scope in the upper right corner (first row, second column) is Scope12.
By the same token, the scope in the lower left corner is Scope21 while the scope in the lower right corner is Scope22.
Table 4 summarizes the content of scopes for the “Current Control Oscilloscopes”.


Oscilloscopes Current Control

Scope

Content of Scopes & Displayed Waveforms

Self Current Control: Hysteresis

Scope11

Reference and measured currents at phases A, B and C.

Scope21

Reference and measured currents at phase A.

Scope12

Reference and measured currents at axes d and q.

Scope22

Measured torque and speeds of the PMSM.

Self Current Control: PI

Scope11

Reference and measured currents at phases A, B and C.

Scope21

Line-to-neutral reference voltages for phases A, B and C.

Scope12

Reference and measured currents at axes d and q.

Scope22

Measured torque and speed of the PMSM.

Vector Current Control

Scope11

Reference and measured currents at phases A, B and C.

Scope21

Line-to-neutral reference voltages for phases A, B and C.

Scope12

Reference and measured currents at axes d and q.

Scope22

Measured torque and speed of the PMSM.

Table 4: Content of Scopes and Displayed Waveforms

Regarding the scopes under “Speed Control” tab, a column arrangement is considered, as presented in figure 11 below.
Going from top to down, the first scope of the first column is referred to as Scope1 and the second one Scope2, the three scopes of the second column are referred to as Scope3, Scope4, and Scope5.
Table 5 summarizes the content of scopes for the “Speed Control” tab.


Oscilloscopes

Scope

Content of Scopes & Displayed Waveforms

Speed Control

Scope1

Reference and measured currents at phases A, B and C.

Scope2

Line-to-neutral reference voltages for phases A, B and C.

Scope3

Reference and measured currents at axes d and q.

Scope4

Reference and measured torques of the PMSM.

Scope5

Reference and measured speeds of the PMSM.

Table 5: Content of Scopes and Displayed Waveforms of the PMSM Drive

For the scopes under “Transformations” tab (see figure 10 above), the top two scopes are referred to as Scope1 and Scope2 from left to right, while the bottom scope is referred to as Scope3. Table 6 summarizes the content of scopes for the “Transformations” tab.


Oscilloscopes

Scope

Content of Scopes & Displayed Waveforms

Speed Control

Scope1

Currents at phases A, B and C.

Scope2

Currents in d-q axes and in α-β axes.

Scope3

Active powers in (a, b, c), (d, q), and (α, β) reference frames.

Table 6: Content of Scopes and Displayed Waveforms of “Transformations” Tab


Figure 11: Column Arrangement of Scopes under Speed Control Panel

Finally, the nominal ratings of PMSM, DCM, three-phase two-level inverter, and the test bench mechanical parameters are presented in tables 7 to 10.


Apparent Nominal Power

10200 VA

Nominal Line-to-line Voltage

460 V

Nominal Current

12.80 A

Nominal Speed

1746 rpm

Nominal Torque

55 N m

Number of Pole Pairs

2

Base Speed

1800 rpm

D-axis Inductance

0.1132 H

Q-axis Inductance

0.0562 H

Stator Resistance

1.62 Ω

Magnet Flux

1.014 Wb

Table 7: PMSM Parameters and Nameplate Ratings


Nominal Power

16 HP

Armature Nominal Voltage

460 V

Field Nominal Voltage

460 V

Field Nominal Current

1.11 A

Nominal Speed

1746 rpm

Table 8: DC Machine Nameplate Ratings


DC Input

Voltage DC

800 V

Maximum Current

13.75 A

AC Output

3-phase

Voltage LL RMS

460 V

Maximum Current

19.5 A

Power

11 kW

Table 9: Three-phase Two-level Inverter Nameplate Ratings


Total Inertia

0.30 kg.m2

Total Friction

0.0125 N.m

Table 10: Testbench Mechanical Parameters

OPAL-RT TECHNOLOGIES, Inc. | 1751, rue Richardson, bureau 1060 | Montréal, Québec Canada H3K 1G6 | opal-rt.com | +1 514-935-2323
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