State-Space | Icons & Diagrams

ICONS AND DIAGRAMS

PARAMETERS
DIRECT INPUT METHOD IN DATA TAB
In the matrix input method (“Matrix” is set), it is needed to enter manually state-space model matrices A, B, C, D and D1. First, in the General tab the “Type” has to be selected. Then the size of the input matrices must be defined in the General tab through number of nodes (n_inputs) and states (n_states) fields.

Indeed, the matrices sizes are set as follows:

• The dimensions of the square matrix A define the number of states n_states.
• Matrix B must have n_states rows and n_inputs (size of voltage vector and the number of connectivity pins) columns.
• Matrix C must have n_inputs rows and n_states columns.
• Matrix D must have n_inputs rows and n_inputs columns.
• Matrix D1 is optional and must have n_inputs rows and n_inputs columns.

After setting sizes, matrices values can be entered manually in the Matrix tab. Checkboxes allow the user to include or exclude matrix definition. By default, optional D1 matrix is unchecked.

LOAD FILE INPUT METHOD IN DATA TAB
In the Load File input method (“Load File” is checked), the user must enter the name of the file which contains all necessary matrix data (EMTP .dat file). Then, the fields will be automatically updated (number of nodes, states and poles). The number of poles indicates the complexity of the State Space. It is related to the frequency range and precision of the vector fitting used to get the input file.

The format of the file is as follows:

• First line, free format, space separated numbers: n_outs n_inputs n_states n_D1
  In this version the number of outputs n_outs is strictly equal to the number of inputs n_inputs (number of nodes field). This means that the size of the current vector is equal to the size of the voltage vector. The size of matrix D1 is given by n_D1, it is equal to 0 when there is no D1 matrix or n_inputs otherwise.
• Matrix A rows, free format, space separated cells, one matrix row by text line.
• Matrix B rows, free format, space separated cells, one matrix row by text line.
• Matrix C rows, free format, space separated cells, one matrix row by text line.
• Matrix D rows, free format, space separated cells, one matrix row by text line.
• Optional matrix D1 rows, free format, space separated cells, one matrix row by text line.

INIT TAB: INITIAL CONDITIONS FOR STATES
This tab allows entering initial values for the states vector. The initial value can be any real
number. To activate the initialization, the user has to check the init values.

DEVICE PINS
When the device data is completed its bundle pin is automatically updated to include the required number of pins. This is the size of the voltage vector. To connect to any pin it is necessary to extend the bundle signal and right-click to select the Breakout command. The available pins are listed in the appearing panel. Non-required pins must be erased from this panel before clicking the OK button. In the case of all pins have been selected.

Figure 5 Selected connectivity pins after using the Breakout command for a three pins State Space
The pin names are standard, so that several devices can be connected together using the bundle signal. In the case of Figure 6, two state-space devices are connected in parallel. Special connections with bundle pins can be achieved using the “Node connecter” device.