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PI Section, 6-ph with Fault

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PI Section, 6-ph with Fault

Jul 05, 2023

Description

The PI line model is mainly used for short transmission lines. The equivalent circuit is shown below. 

It is assumed that the capacitance on both sides are identical. The RL branches are also coupled. The parameters for the 6-phase PI lines are the same as for those for 3-phase PI lines, except that the dimension of the R, L and C matrices representing the impedance and admittance of the conductors is 6x6, instead of 3x3. The reason is that this model represents a line with six conductors. A 6-phase PI model can be used to represent a double circuit transmission line. The neutral coupling between both circuits (mutual impedance) is represented only in zero sequence.

This model can be used to simulate an internal fault. However, the number of operations allowed in this model is four (4) per fault element, instead of ten (10) in normal cases.

Table of Contents

Mask and Parameters

General Parameters

Name

Description

Unit

Variable = {Possible Values}

Name

Description

Unit

Variable = {Possible Values}

Description

Use this field to add information about the component

 

Description = {'string'}

EMTP (.pun) file for line parameters calculation

The location (path) of the EMTP file (pun file) containing the line parameters. However, the EMTP “.pun” format is not allowed with this model

 

File = {'path.name'}

Line 1

Fault distance from (+) side (Line 1)

km

fault_loc1 = {0, 1e64}

Line 2

Fault distance from (+) side (Line 2)

km

fault_loc2 = {0, 1e64}

Type

The line data can be taken using Matrix or Sequence parameters  

 

Matrix/Sequence = { 0, 1}

Matrix {0}

Untransposed line. The data is filled in the matrices

Sequence {1}

Transposed line. The data is filled in the sequences

Line length

The length of the line

km

length = {0, 1e64}

Base power (perPhase)

Base value for PU conversion

MVA per phase

pBase = { [1, 1e64] }

Base voltage (rmsLN)

Base value for PU conversion

kV rms LN

vBase = { [1, 1e64] }

Base frequency

Base value for PU conversion

Hz

fBase = { [1, 1e64] }

Matrix Parameters

Name

Description

Unit

Variable = {Possible Values}

Name

Description

Unit

Variable = {Possible Values}

Resistance - R

Resistance matrix

Ω/km

R = {'-1e64, 1e64'}

Inductance - L

Inductance matrix

H/km

L = {'-1e64, 1e64'}

Capacitance - C

Capacitance matrix

F/km

C = {'-1e64, 1e64'}

Sequence Parameters

 

Name

Description

Unit

Variable = {Possible Values}

Name

Description

Unit

Variable = {Possible Values}


Self impedance - Line 1

R

Resistance value for Zero and Positive sequences (Line 1)

Ω/km

Rself1 = {'-1e64, 1e64'}

L

Inductance value for Zero and Positive sequences (Line 1)

H/km

Lself1 = {'-1e64, 1e64'}

C

Capacitance value for Zero and Positive sequences (Line 1)

F/km

Cself1 = {'-1e64, 1e64'}



Self impedance - Line 2

R

Resistance value for Zero and Positive sequences (Line 2)

Ω/km

Rself2 = {'-1e64, 1e64'}

L

Inductance value for Zero and Positive sequences (Line 2)

H/km

Lself2 = {'-1e64, 1e64'}

C

Capacitance value for Zero and Positive sequences (Line 2)

F/km

Cself2 = {'-1e64, 1e64'}



Mutual impedance lines 1-2

R

Mutual resistance value between lines 1-2 

Ω/km

Rmut = {'-1e64, 1e64'}

L

Mutual inductance value between lines 1-2 

H/km

Lmut = {'-1e64, 1e64'}

C

Mutual capacitance value between lines 1-2 

F/km

Cmut = {'-1e64, 1e64'}

Timing Parameters

Name

Description

Unit

Variable = {Possible Values}

Name

Description

Unit

Variable = {Possible Values}

Time units

Units applied to the programmed state transition operations





 

 

Ut = {s, ms, c}

 

Second {s}

All operations Tn are in seconds

 

Millisecond {ms}

All operations Tn are in milliseconds

 

Cycle {c}

All operations Tn are in electrical cycles (setting the frequency is mandatory)

Time programming

Master switch that determines whether the programmed operations will occur upon triggering an acquisition




 

EnaGen = {0, 1}

 

Disable {0}

Programmed operations are disabled

 

Enable {1}

Programmed operations are enabled

Steady-state condition

 

Line 1

State of phase breakers for Line 1 in steady-state; “colored” if the breaker is open and “grey” if the breaker is closed

 

iniStateA = {0, 1}

iniStateB = {0, 1}

iniStateC = {0, 1}

iniStateG = {0, 1}

 

Line 2

State of phase breakers for Line 2 in steady-state; “colored” if the breaker is open and “grey” if the breaker is closed

 

iniStateA2 = {0, 1}

iniStateB2 = {0, 1}

iniStateC2 = {0, 1}

iniStateG2 = {0, 1}

Frequency

Should be set using the parameter "Base frequency".

Hz

Freq = { [45, 70] }

Switching times

Line 1

Enable/disable the state transition operation on Line 1.




EnaT1 = {0, 1}

EnaT2 = {0, 1}

...

Disable {0}

Disable the state transition operation on the same line

Enable {1}

Enable the state transition operation on the same line. If the line is enabled but no information is filled, the state transition operation is ignored.

Line 2

Enable/disable the state transition operation on Line 1.

 

EnaT1_2 = {0, 1}

EnaT2_2 = {0, 1}

...

Disable {0}

Disable the state transition operation on the same line

Enable {1}

Enable the state transition operation on the same line. If the line is enabled but no information is filled, the state transition operation is ignored.

Type(f,i,u,ug)




Relative time (with respect to POW synchronization) when the command is sent to the breaker (or switch) to change state. There are four ways to input this time.

Important notes:

  • For changes of state to occur, programmed operation times must always respect Tn>Tn-1.

  • If a parameter field is blank or contains “-”, no switching will occur for this line.

  • There is no alias for the type of timing in the API. The timing type and values are entered as a single string.

  • If using referenced operations, the calculated time is applied after it received the command from the other component. See the Referenced Operations section for more information.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Refer to "Time units" parameter

 

 

 

 

 

 

T1 = {'string'}

T2 = {'string'}

...

 

Fixed

{f: fixed time}

At each acquisition, Tn command is sent at the same time for all phases selected in "Phase operated".

 

Incremental

{i: initial time/final time/time increment}

For the first acquisition, Tn command is sent at the set initial time for all phases selected in "Phase operated". Then at each acquisition, Tn command is sent a time increment later than the previous acquisition. Once the final time is reached, the next acquisition will be done using the initial time again.

 

Uniform

{u: minimal time/maximal time}

At each acquisition, Tn command is sent at a random time. The probability is uniform over the specified range. All phases selected in "Phase operated" DO NOT receive the command at the same time, it is also random.

 

Uniform gaussian

{ug: minimal time/maximal time/ dispersion}

At each acquisition, Tn command is sent at a random time. The probability follows a gaussian distribution over the specified range. All phases selected in "Phase operated" DO NOT receive the command at the same time, it is also random.

Referenced operations

Use to refer the triggering of Tn to another breaker programmed state transition. See the Referenced Operations section for more information.

NB: all columns must be filled for the referenced operation to work.

 

 



Line 1

Ref operation

Name (or path) of the breaker to which the timing is referenced

 

Eref1 = {'path.name'}

Eref2 = {'path.name'}

...

Ref time

Time Tn ID of the referenced breaker's step to which the timing is referenced

 

Tref1 = {Tn}

Tref2 = {Tn}

...

Phase/Command

Activate (Phase {1}) or deactivate (Command {0}) the reference dependency

 

T1RPh = {0, 1}

T2RPh = {0, 1}

...

Line 2

Ref operation

Name (or path) of the breaker to which the timing is referenced

 

Eref1_2 = {'path.name'}

Eref2_2 = {'path.name'}

...

Ref time

Time Tn ID of the referenced breaker's step to which the timing is referenced

 

Tref1_2 = {Tn}

Tref2_2 = {Tn}

...

Phase/Command

Activate (Phase {1}) or deactivate (Command {0}) the reference dependency

 

T1_2RPh = {0, 1}

T2_2RPh = {0, 1}

...

Phase operated

 

The list of all phases that will change state when the timing condition is reached. So if after Tn-1 the A and C phases are OFF and Tn triggers B and C, after Tn phases A and B will be OFF, and C will be ON