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PI Section, 12-ph with Fault
Description
The PI line model is mainly used for short transmission lines. The equivalent circuit is shown below.
It is assumed that the capacitance on both sides is identical. The RL branches are also coupled. The parameters for the 12-phase PI lines are the same as those for 3-phase PI lines, except that the dimension of the R, L and C matrices representing the impedance and admittance of the conductors is 12x12, instead of 3x3. The 12-phase PI model represents four 3-phase transmission lines in parallel.
In this model, there is a new parameter for sequences. The neutral coupling between the four line circuits (mutual impedance) is represented only in zero sequence.
This model can be used to simulate an internal fault. However, the number of operations allowed in this model is four (4) per fault element, instead of ten (10) in normal cases.
Mask and Parameters
General Parameters
Name | Description | Unit | Variable = {Possible Values} | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Description | Use this field to add information about the component | Description = {'string'} | ||||
EMTP (.pun) file for line parameters calculation | The location (path) of the EMTP file (pun file) containing the line parameters. However, the EMTP “.pun” format is not allowed with this model | File = {'path.name'} | ||||
Line 1 | Fault distance from (+) side (Line 1) | km | fault_loc1 = {0, 1e64} | |||
Line 2 | Fault distance from (+) side (Line 2) | km | fault_loc2 = {0, 1e64} | |||
Line 3 | Fault distance from (+) side (Line 3) | km | fault_loc3 = {0, 1e64} | |||
Line 4 | Fault distance from (+) side (Line 4) | km | fault_loc4 = {0, 1e64} | |||
Type | The line data can be taken using Matrix or Sequence parameters | Matrix/Sequence = { 0, 1} | ||||
Matrix {0} | Untransposed line. The data is filled in the matrices | |||||
Sequence {1} | Transposed line. The data is filled in the sequences | |||||
Line length | The length of the line | km | length = {0, 1e64} | |||
Base power (perPhase) | Base value for PU conversion | MVA per phase | pBase = { [1, 1e64] } | |||
Base voltage (rmsLN) | Base value for PU conversion | kV rms LN | vBase = { [1, 1e64] } | |||
Base frequency | Base value for PU conversion | Hz | fBase = { [1, 1e64] } |
Matrix Parameters
Name | Description | Unit | Variable = {Possible Values} | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Resistance - R | Resistance matrix (12x12) | Ω/km | R = {'-1e64, 1e64'} | |||
Inductance - L | Inductance matrix (12x12) | H/km | L = {'-1e64, 1e64'} | |||
Capacitance - C | Capacitance matrix (12x12) | F/km | C = {'-1e64, 1e64'} |
Sequence Parameters
Name | Description | Unit | Variable = {Possible Values} | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Self impedance - Line | R | Resistance value for Zero and Positive sequences (Line 1) | Ω/km | Rself1 = {'-1e64, 1e64'} | ||
L | Inductance value for Zero and Positive sequences (Line 1) | H/km | Lself1 = {'-1e64, 1e64'} | |||
C | Capacitance value for Zero and Positive sequences (Line 1) | F/km | Cself1 = {'-1e64, 1e64'} | |||
Self impedance - Line 2 | R | Resistance value for Zero and Positive sequences (Line 2) | Ω/km | Rself2 = {'-1e64, 1e64'} | ||
L | Inductance value for Zero and Positive sequences (Line 2) | H/km | Lself2 = {'-1e64, 1e64'} | |||
C | Capacitance value for Zero and Positive sequences (Line 2) | F/km | Cself2 = {'-1e64, 1e64'} | |||
Self impedance - Line 3 | R | Resistance value for Zero and Positive sequences (Line 3) | Ω/km | Rself3 = {'-1e64, 1e64'} | ||
L | Inductance value for Zero and Positive sequences (Line 3) | H/km | Lself3 = {'-1e64, 1e64'} | |||
C | Capacitance value for Zero and Positive sequences (Line 3) | F/km | Cself3 = {'-1e64, 1e64'} | |||
Self impedance - Line 4 | R | Resistance value for Zero and Positive sequences (Line 4) | Ω/km | Rself4 = {'-1e64, 1e64'} | ||
L | Inductance value for Zero and Positive sequences (Line 4) | H/km | Lself4 = {'-1e64, 1e64'} | |||
C | Capacitance value for Zero and Positive sequences (Line 4) | F/km | Cself4 = {'-1e64, 1e64'} | |||
Mutual impedance lines 1-2 | R | Mutual resistance value between lines 1-2 | Ω/km | Rmut12 = {'-1e64, 1e64'} | ||
L | Mutual inductance value between lines 1-2 | H/km | Lmut12 = {'-1e64, 1e64'} | |||
C | Mutual capacitance value between lines 1-2 | F/km | Cmut12 = {'-1e64, 1e64'} | |||
Mutual impedance lines 1-3 | R | Mutual resistance value between lines 1-3 | Ω/km | Rmut13 = {'-1e64, 1e64'} | ||
L | Mutual inductance value between lines 1-3 | H/km | Lmut13 = {'-1e64, 1e64'} | |||
C | Mutual capacitance value between lines 1-3 | F/km | Cmut13 = {'-1e64, 1e64'} | |||
Mutual impedance lines 1-4 | R | Mutual resistance value between lines 1-4 | Ω/km | Rmut14 = {'-1e64, 1e64'} | ||
L | Mutual inductance value between lines 1-4 | H/km | Lmut14 = {'-1e64, 1e64'} | |||
C | Mutual capacitance value between lines 1-4 | F/km | Cmut14 = {'-1e64, 1e64'} | |||
Mutual impedance lines 2-4 | R | Mutual resistance value between lines 2-4 | Ω/km | Rmut24 = {'-1e64, 1e64'} | ||
L | Mutual inductance value between lines 2-4 | H/km | Lmut24 = {'-1e64, 1e64'} | |||
C | Mutual capacitance value between lines 2-4 | F/km | Cmut24 = {'-1e64, 1e64'} | |||
Mutual impedance lines 2-3 | R | Mutual resistance value between lines 2-3 | Ω/km | Rmut23 = {'-1e64, 1e64'} | ||
L | Mutual inductance value between lines 2-3 | H/km | Lmut23 = {'-1e64, 1e64'} | |||
C | Mutual capacitance value between lines 2-3 | F/km | Cmut23 = {'-1e64, 1e64'} | |||
Mutual impedance lines 3-4 | R | Mutual resistance value between lines 3-4 | Ω/km | Rmut34 = {'-1e64, 1e64'} | ||
L | Mutual inductance value between lines 3-4 | H/km | Lmut34 = {'-1e64, 1e64'} | |||
C | Mutual capacitance value between lines 3-4 | F/km | Cmut34 = {'-1e64, 1e64'} |
Timing Parameters
Name | Description | Unit | Variable = {Possible Values} | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time units | Units applied to the programmed state transition operations | Ut = {s, ms, c} | |||
Second {s} | All operations Tn are in seconds | ||||
Millisecond {ms} | All operations Tn are in milliseconds | ||||
Cycle {c} | All operations Tn are in electrical cycles (setting the frequency is mandatory) | ||||
Time programming | Master switch that determines whether the programmed operations occur when triggering an acquisition | EnaGen = {0, 1} | |||
Disable {0} | Programmed operations are disabled | ||||
Enable {1} | Programmed operations are enabled | ||||
Steady-state condition | Line 1 | State of phase breakers for Line 1 in steady-state; “colored” if the breaker is open and “grey” if the breaker is closed | iniStateA = {0, 1} iniStateB = {0, 1} iniStateC = {0, 1} iniStateG = {0, 1} | ||
Line 2 | State of phase breakers for Line 2 in steady-state; “colored” if the breaker is open and “grey” if the breaker is closed | iniStateA2 = {0, 1} iniStateB2 = {0, 1} iniStateC2 = {0, 1} iniStateG2 = {0, 1} | |||
Line 3 | State of phase breakers for Line 3 in steady-state; “colored” if the breaker is open and “grey” if the breaker is closed | iniStateA3 = {0, 1} iniStateB3 = {0, 1} iniStateC3 = {0, 1} iniStateG3 = {0, 1} | |||
Line 4 | State of phase breakers for Line 4 in steady-state; “colored” if the breaker is open and “grey” if the breaker is closed | iniStateA4 = {0, 1} iniStateB4 = {0, 1} iniStateC4 = {0, 1} iniStateG4 = {0, 1} | |||
Frequency | Should be set using the parameter "Base frequency". | Hz | Freq = { [45, 70] } | ||
Switching times | Line 1 | Enable/disable the state transition operation on Line 1. | EnaT1 = {0, 1} EnaT2 = {0, 1} ... | ||
Disable {0} | Disable the state transition operation on the same line | ||||
Enable {1} | Enable the state transition operation on the same line. If the line is enabled but no information is present, the state transition operation is ignored. | ||||
Line 2 | Enable/disable the state transition operation on Line 2. | EnaT1_2 = {0, 1} EnaT2_2 = {0, 1} ... | |||
Disable {0} | Disable the state transition operation on the same line | ||||
Enable {1} | Enable the state transition operation on the same line. If the line is enabled but no information is present, the state transition operation is ignored. | ||||
Line 3 | Enable/disable the state transition operation on Line 3. | EnaT1_3 = {0, 1} EnaT2_3 = {0, 1} ... | |||
Disable {0} | Disable the state transition operation on the same line | ||||
Enable {1} | Enable the state transition operation on the same line. If the line is enabled but no information is present, the state transition operation is ignored. | ||||
Line 4 | Enable/disable the state transition operation on Line 4. | EnaT1_4 = {0, 1} EnaT2_4 = {0, 1} ... | |||
Disable {0} | Disable the state transition operation on the same line | ||||
Enable {1} | Enable the state transition operation on the same line. If the line is enabled but no information is present, the state transition operation is ignored. | ||||
Type(f,i,u,ug) | Relative time (with respect to POW synchronization) when the command is sent to the breaker (or switch) to change state. There are four ways to input this time. Important notes:
| Refer to "Time units" parameter | T1 = {'string'} T2 = {'string'} ... T1_2 = {'string'} T2_2 = {'string'} ... T1_3 = {'string'} T2_3 = {'string'} ... T1_4 = {'string'} T2_4 = {'string'} ... | ||
Fixed | {f: fixed time} At each acquisition, Tn command is sent at the same time for all phases selected in "Phase operated". | ||||
Incremental | {i: initial time/final time/time increment} For the first acquisition, Tn command is sent at the set initial time for all phases selected in "Phase operated". Then at each acquisition, Tn command is sent a time increment later than the previous acquisition. Once the final time is reached, the next acquisition is done using the initial time again. | ||||
Uniform | {u: minimal time/maximal time} At each acquisition, Tn command is sent at a random time. The probability is uniform over the specified range. All phases selected in "Phase operated" DO NOT receive the command at the same time, it is also random. | ||||
Uniform Gaussian | {ug: minimal time/maximal time/ dispersion} At each acquisition, Tn command is sent at a random time. The probability follows a Gaussian distribution over the specified range. All phases selected in "Phase operated" DO NOT receive the command at the same time, it is also random. | ||||
Referenced operations | Use to refer the triggering of Tn to another breaker programmed state transition. See the Referenced Operations section for more information. NB: all columns must be filled for the referenced operation to work. | ||||
| Ref operation | Name (or path) of the breaker to which the timing is referenced | Eref1 = {'path.name'} Eref2 = {'path.name'} ... | ||
Ref time | Time Tn ID of the referenced breaker's step to which the timing is referenced | Tref1 = {Tn} Tref2 = {Tn} ... | |||
Phase/Command | Activate (Phase {1}) or deactivate (Command {0}) the reference dependency | T1RPh = {0, 1} T2RPh = {0, 1} ... | |||
Line 2 | Ref operation | Name (or path) of the breaker to which the timing is referenced | Eref1_2 = {'path.name'} Eref2_2 = {'path.name'} ... | ||
Ref time | Time Tn ID of the referenced breaker's step to which the timing is referenced | Tref1_2 = {Tn} Tref2_2 = {Tn} ... | |||
Phase/Command | Activate (Phase {1}) or deactivate (Command {0}) the reference dependency | T1_2RPh = {0, 1} T2_2RPh = {0, 1} ... | |||
Line 3 | Ref operation | Name (or path) of the breaker to which the timing is referenced | Eref1_3 = {'path.name'} Eref2_3 = {'path.name'} ... | ||
Ref time | Time Tn ID of the referenced breaker's step to which the timing is referenced | Tref1_3 = {Tn} Tref2_3 = {Tn} ... | |||
Phase/Command | Activate (Phase {1}) or deactivate (Command {0}) the reference dependency | T1_3RPh = {0, 1} T2_3RPh = {0, 1} ... | |||
Line 4 | Ref operation | Name (or path) of the breaker to which the timing is referenced | Eref1_4 = {'path.name'} Eref2_4 = {'path.name'} ... | ||
Ref time | Time Tn ID of the referenced breaker's step to which the timing is referenced | Tref1_4 = {Tn} Tref2_4 = {Tn} ... | |||
Phase/Command | Activate (Phase {1}) or deactivate (Command {0}) the reference dependency | T1_4RPh = {0, 1} T2_4RPh = {0, 1} ... | |||
Phase operated | The list of all phases that change state when the timing condition is reached. So if after Tn-1 the A and C phases are OFF and Tn triggers B and C, after Tn phases A and B will be OFF, and C will be ON | ||||
Line 1 | ON {1} | "Colored" when a state transition shall occur (Line 2) | T1Pa, T1Pb, T1Pc = {0, 1} T2Pa, T2,Pb, T2Pc = {0, 1} ... | ||
"Grayed out" when no state transition shall occur (Line 2) | |||||
Line 2 | OFF {0} | "Colored" when a state transition shall occur (Line 2) | T1_2Pa, T1_2Pb, T1_2Pc = {0, 1} T2_2Pa, T2_2,Pb, T2_2Pc = {0, 1} ... | ||
"Grayed out" when no state transition shall occur (Line 2) | |||||
Line 3 | ON {1} | "Colored" when a state transition shall occur (Line 2) | T1_3Pa, T1_3Pb, T1_3Pc = {0, 1} T2_3Pa, T2_3,Pb, T2_3Pc = {0, 1} ... | ||
OFF {0} | "Grayed out" when no state transition shall occur (Line 2) | ||||
Line 4 | ON {1} | "Colored" when a state transition shall occur (Line 2) | T1_4Pa, T1_4Pb, T1_4Pc = {0, 1} T2_4Pa, T2_4,Pb, T2_4Pc = {0, 1} ... | ||
OFF {0} | "Grayed out" when no state transition shall occur (Line 2) |
Fault Parameters
Name | Description | Unit | Variable = {Possible Values} | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Line 1 | Fault resistance | Fault resistance value per phase (Line 1) | Ω | RDef = {0, 1e64} | |||
Ropen | Open resistance value per phase (Line 1) | Ω | ROpen = {0, 1e64} | ||||
Rclose | Closed resistance value per phase (Line 1) | Ω | RClose = {0, 1e64} | ||||
Chopping current | Current threshold for the opening permission operation (Line 1) | A | Imargin = {0, 1e64} | ||||
Line 2 | Fault resistance | Fault resistance value per phase (Line 2) | Ω | RDef2 = {0, 1e64} | |||
Ropen | Open resistance value per phase (Line 2) | Ω | ROpen2 = {0, 1e64} | ||||
Rclose | Closed resistance value per phase (Line 2) | Ω | RClose2 = {0, 1e64} | ||||
Chopping current | Current threshold for the opening permission operation (Line 2) | A | Imargin2 = {0, 1e64} | ||||
Line 3 | Fault resistance | Fault resistance value per phase (Line 3) | Ω | RDef3 = {0, 1e64} | |||
Ropen | Open resistance value per phase (Line 3) | Ω | ROpen3 = {0, 1e64} | ||||
Rclose | Closed resistance value per phase (Line 3) | Ω | RClose3 = {0, 1e64} | ||||
Chopping current | Current threshold for the opening permission operation (Line 3) | A | Imargin3 = {0, 1e64} | ||||
Line 4 | Fault resistance | Fault resistance value per phase (Line 4) | Ω | RDef4 = {0, 1e64} | |||
Ropen | Open resistance value per phase (Line 4) | Ω | ROpen4 = {0, 1e64} | ||||
Rclose | Closed resistance value per phase (Line 4) | Ω | RClose4 = {0, 1e64} | ||||
Chopping current | Current threshold for the opening permission operation (Line 4) | A | Imargin4 = {0, 1e64} |
Line Generator
For more information see Line Generator
Ports, Inputs, Outputs and Signals Available for Monitoring
Ports
This component supports a 12-phase transmission line
Name | Description |
---|---|
net_1_1(a,b,c) | Network connection of phases (a,b,c) of the left (+) side of line 1 |
net_1_2(a,b,c) | Network connection of phases (a,b,c) of the right side of line 1 |
net_2_1(a,b,c) | Network connection of phases (a,b,c) of the left (+) side of line 2 |
net_2_2(a,b,c) | Network connection of phases (a,b,c) of the right side of line 2 |
net_3_1(a,b,c) | Network connection of phases (a,b,c) of the left (+) side of line 3 |
net_3_2(a,b,c) | Network connection of phases (a,b,c) of the right side of line 3 |
net_4_1(a,b,c) | Network connection of phases (a,b,c) of the left (+) side of line 4 |
net_4_2(a,b,c) | Network connection of phases (a,b,c) of the right side of line 4 |
Inputs
None
Outputs
None
Sensors
At acquisition, the signals available by the sensors are:
Name | Description | Unit |
---|---|---|
V(a,b,c)_FLT1 | Voltage on fault bus of line 1 phases (a,b,c) | V |
V(a,b,c)_FLT2 | Voltage on fault bus of line 2 phases (a,b,c) | V |
V(a,b,c)_FLT3 |